Ch 3 Introduction To Vision

Front 1

Absorption Spectrum (p.57)

Back 1

a plot of the amount of light absorbed by a substance versus a wavelength

Front 2

Accommodation (p. 45)

Back 2

Ciliary Muscles at the front of the eye tighten and increase the curvature of the lens so that it gets thicker

Front 3

Amacrine Cell (p. 58)

Back 3

A Neuron which connects neurons across across the retina
(not full definition found)

Front 4

Axial Myopia (p. 46)

Back 4

Problem when the eyeball is too long; images of faraway objects are not focused sharply, so objects look blurred

Front 5

Belongingness (p.67)

Back 5

states that an area's appearance is influenced by the part of the surroundings to which the area appears to belong

Front 6

Bipolar Cell (p.58)

Back 6

a type of neuron not fully defined; Doesn't have long axons

Front 7

Cone (p.44)

Back 7

a Visual receptor which contain light-sensitive chemical visual pigments that react to light and trigger electrical signals

Front 8

Cornea (p.44)

Back 8

where light reflected from objects focus to form sharp images

Front 9

Dark Adaptation (p.53)

Back 9

causes eye to increase its sensitivity in the dark
(ei. pirates wearing eye patch, to go under deck in the dark when the sun is till up)

Front 10

Dark Adaptation Curve (p.53)

Back 10

plot of how visual sensitivity changes in the dark, beginning with when the lights are extinguishes

Front 11

Dark-adapted sensitivity (p. 53)

Back 11

is the sensitivity at the end of dark adaptation
~ 100,000 times greater than the light-adapted sensitivity measured before dark adaptation begins

Front 12

Detached Retina (p.55)

Back 12

A condition where dark adaptation caused by pigment regeneration does not happen. Because of a detached retina

Front 13

Detached Retina (p.55)

Back 13

Condition when the visual pigment can't be restored/recreated

caused by traumatic injuries

Front 14

Electromagnetic Spectrum (p.44)

Back 14

Electromagnetic energy that is produced
by electric charges
Radiated as waves
(rainbow thing, 400-700nm is Visible Light)

Front 15

Enzyme Cascade (p.50)

Back 15

enzyme: a biological chemical
Enzyme Cascade: Sequence of reactions triggered by activated visual pigment molecule

Front 16

Eye (p.44)

Back 16

Where vision begins.

Light reflected from objects in the environment enters the eye

Front 17

Far Point (p.46)

Back 17

distance at which the spot of light becomes focused on the retina

Front 18

Farsightedness (p.46)

Back 18

Can see objects that are far clearly but has trouble seeing nearby objects

Front 19

Fovea (p. 50)

Back 19

Small area that contains only cons(a receptor cell)

-when we look directly at an object, it falls on the fovea, central focus

Front 20

Ganglion Cells (p.58)

Back 20

collect info from bipolar cells in the form of chemical changes.

Front 21

Hermann Glid (p.63)

Back 21

3x3 black scares with spaces in between. Ghostlike gray images in the white areas.
grayness is not physically present.
the dark spots= lateral inhibition

Front 22

Horizontal Cells (p.58)

Back 22

a type of neuron that connects across the retina.
Signals can travel through it (not complete definition)

Front 23

Hyperopia (p.46)

Back 23

Farsightedness, can see objects that are far clearly but have trouble seeing nearby objects.

Front 24

Isomerization (p.47)

Back 24

The process in which a photon of light hits the retinal and causes it to straighten out.

Front 25

Laser-assisted in Situ Keratomileusis (p. 46)

Back 25

-surgical process
-lasers used
-Change shape of cornea
-Good vision without corrective lenses

Front 26

Lateral Inhibition (p.62)

Back 26

Both light and dark photo receptors are compeating (not complete definition)