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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Spirituality
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- An awareness of one’s inner self and a sense of connection to a higher being, nature, or to some purpose greater than oneself
- Is a complex concept that is unique to each individual, and is dependent upon a person’s culture, development, life experiences, beliefs, and ideas about life - There are two important characteristics of spirituality agreed upon by most authors: - It is unifying theme in people’s lives - It is a state of being - Current definitions of spirituality include 8 distinct but overlapping constructs - Spirituality gives individuals the energy needed to discover themselves, to cope with difficult situations, and to maintain health - Spirituality includes an existential reality that provides unique and subjective experiences for all people - Beliefs and values provide the foundation for truth - Spirituality gives people the ability to find a dynamic and creative sense of inner strength that is often used when making difficult decisions - Inner peace and harmony fosters calm, positive, and peaceful feelings despite life experiences of chaos, fear, and uncertainty |
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Self-transcendence
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- Is the belief that there is a force outside of and greater than the person
- This force goes beyond space and time |
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Connectedness
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- Spirituality offers a sense of connectedness
- Intrapersonally (connected with oneself) - Interpersonally (connected with other and the environment) - Transpersonally (connected with the unseen, God, or higher power) |
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Faith
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Allows people to have firm beliefs despite lack of physical evidence
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Atheist
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- People who do not believe in the existence of God
- Search for meaning in life through their work and their relationships with others |
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Agnostic
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Someone who believes that there is no known ultimate reality
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Spiritual Well Being
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- Concept is often described as having two dimensions
- Vertical dimension - Supports the transcendent relationship between a person and a God or some other higher power - Horizontal dimension - Describes positive relationships and connections people have with others |
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Religion
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- Is associated with the “state of doing” or a specific system of practices associated with a particular denomination, sect, or form of worship
- Religious practices encompass spirituality, but spirituality does not need to include religious practice - Religious care is helping clients maintain their faithfulness to their belief systems and worship practices - Spiritual care helps people identify meaning and purpose in life, look beyond the present, and maintain personal relationships as well as a relationship with a higher being or life force |
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Hope
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Spirituality and faith bring hope
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Spiritual Health
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- People gain spiritual health by finding a balance between their values, goals, beliefs, and their relationships within themselves and with others
- Spiritual beliefs change as clients grow and develop - Beliefs among older people vary based on many factors, such as gender, past experience, religion, economic status, and ethnic background |
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Spiritual Problems:
Spiritual distress |
- Is the impaired ability to experience and integrate meaning and purpose in life through connectedness with self, others, art, music, literature, nature, and/or a power greater than oneself
- Individuals often question their spiritual values, raising questions about their way of life, purpose of living, and source of meaning |
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Near Death Experience
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- Is a psychological phenomenon of people who either have been close to clinical death or have recovered after being declared dead
- It is not associated with a mental disorder - It is important to remain open and give the client a chance to explore what happened |
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BELIEF Assessment Tool
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- Helps pediatric nurses evaluate the child and family’s spiritual and religious needs
B - Belief System E - Ethics or values L - Lifestyle I - Involvement in a spiritual community E - Education F - Future events |
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Faith/Belief Assessment
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- Assess the source of authority and guidance that clients use in life to choose and act on their beliefs
- Determine if the client has a religious source of guidance that conflicts with medical treatment plans - Jehovah’s Witness don’t allow blood products as a form of treatment |
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Life and Self-Responsibility
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- Spiritual well-being includes life and self-responsibility
- Their sense of helplessness reflects spiritual distress |
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Connectedness
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- Clients remain connected with God by praying
- Assess whether the client loses the ability to express a sense of relatedness to something greater than the self |
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Life Satisfaction
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Spiritual well-being is tied to a person’s satisfaction with life and what he or she has accomplished
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Culture
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Asking clients about their faith and belief systems is a good beginning for understanding the relationship between culture and spirituality
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Fellowship and Community
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Fellowship is a type of relationship an individual has with other persons (family, close friends, fellow members of a church, neighbor)
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Ritual and Practice
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- Assessing the use of rituals and practices helps nurses understand a client’s spirituality
- Rituals include participation in worship, prayer, sacraments, fasting, singing, meditating, scripture reading, and making offerings or sacrifices - If rituals are important to the client, use them as part of nursing intervention |
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Vocation
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Spirituality is often a part of a person’s identity and vocation in life
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Establishing Presence
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Behaviors that establish the nurse’s presence include giving attention, answering questions, listening, and having a positive and encouraging (but realistic) attitude
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Supporting a Healing Relationship:
Holistic |
- View enables the nurse to establish a helping role and a healing relationship
- Mobilizing the client’s hope is central to a healing relationship - Hope helps a client work toward recovery - Begin by encouraging a client to discuss the effect illness has had on personal beliefs and faith, thus giving the chance to clarify any misconceptions or inaccuracies in information |
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Support Systems
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- Part of the client’s caregiving environment is the regular presence of supportive family and friends
- Encourage family to be themselves during visits to facilitate spiritual comfort - Ask if clients desire to have a member of the clergy visit during their hospitalization |
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Supporting Rituals
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Plan care to allow time for religious readings, spiritual visitations, or attendance at religious services
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Prayer
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Prayer is an effective coping resource for physical as well as psychological symptoms
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Meditation
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Meditation reduces blood pressure, slows the aging process, reduces pain, and enhances the function of the immune system
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