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29 Cards in this Set
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jacob ribs |
Was a reporter for the New York Sun. He was a photo journalist. His book HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES detailed life in the slums. He was trying to bring attention to the situation of the poor to bring about some sort of change. |
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social gospel |
reform movement led by protestant ministers who used religious doctrine to demand better housing and living conditions for the urban poor |
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muckrankers |
nickname given to young reporters of popular magazines. These magazines spent a lot of money on researching and digging up information. This name was given to them by Pres. Roosevelt- 1906. These investigative journalists were trying to make the public aware of problems that needed fixing. |
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lincoln steffens |
U.S. journalist and reformer. He worked for New York City newspapers (1892 - 1901) and was managing editor of McClure's Magazine (1901 - 06), where he began his famous muckraking articles — later published as The Shame of the Cities (1904) — exposing corruption in politics and big business. |
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ida b tarbell |
was a "Muckraker" who wrote in the magazine McClure's (1921). As a younger woman, in 1904, she made her reputation by publishing the history of the Standard Oil Company, the "Mother of Trusts." |
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initiative, referendums, recall |
the process of petitioning a legislature to introduce a bill. It was part of the Populist Party's platform in 1891, along with referendum and recall. These all intended to make the people more responsible for their laws and allow them to make political decisions rather than the legislature. |
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reform amendments (16-19) |
16. Amendment to the United States Constitution (1913) gave Congress the power to tax income. 17. Passed in 1913, this amendment to the Constitution calls for the direct election of senators by the voters instead of their election by state legislatures. 18. Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages 19. Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections. |
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rebert m la follete |
Governor of Wisconsin nicknamed " Fighting Bob" who was a progressive Republican leader. His "Wisconsin Idea" was the model for state progressive government. He used the "brain trust", a panel of experts, to help him create effective, efficient government. He was denied the nomination for the Republicans in favor of Theodore Roosevelt. |
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hiram johnson |
A progressive reformer of the early 1900s. He was elected the republican governor of California in 1910, and helped to put an end to trusts. He put an end to the power that the Southern Pacific Railroad had over politics. |
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charles evans hughes |
A reformist Republican governor of New York, who had gained fame as an investigator of malpractices by gas and insurance companies and by the coal trust. He later ran against Wilson in the 1916 election. |
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muller v oregon |
a landmark decision in United States Supreme Court history, as it justifies both sex discrimination and usage of labor laws during the time period. The case upheld Oregon state restrictions on the working hours of women as justified by the special state interest in protecting women's health. |
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lochner v new york |
The case involved a New York law that limited the number of hours that a baker could work each day to ten, and limited the number of hours that a baker could work each week to 60. By a 5-4 vote, the Supreme Court rejected the argument that the law was necessary to protect the health of bakers, deciding it was a labor law attempting to regulate the terms of employment, and calling it an "unreasonable, unnecessary and arbitrary interference with the right and liberty of the individual to contract." |
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triangle shirtwaist factory fire |
was the deadliest industrial disaster in the history of the city of New York and resulted in the fourth highest loss of life from an industrial accident in U.S. history. The fire caused the deaths of 146 garment workers, who died from the fire, smoke inhalation, or falling to their deaths. Because the managers had locked the doors to the stairwells and exits, many of the workers who could not escape the burning building jumped from the eighth, ninth, and tenth floors to the streets below. The fire led to legislation requiring improved factorysafety standards and helped spur the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, which fought for better working conditions for sweatshop workers. |
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square deal |
fair bargain or treatment |
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elkins act |
act of 1903 was an act passed by Congress against the Railroad industries. It was specifically targeted at the use of rebates. It allowed for heavy fining of companies who used rebates and those who accepted them. It is part of the Progressive Reform movement. |
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hepburn act |
This Act was signed by Teddy Roosevelt to give the ICC the right to set rates that would be reasonable. It also extended the jurisdiction of the ICC to cover express, sleeping car, and pipeline companies. It prohibited free passes and rebates. It was the first time in U.S. history that a government agency was given power to establish rates for private companies. |
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northern securities act |
A holding company in 1902 that was forced to dissolve after they were challenged by Roosevelt, his first trust-bust. |
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upton sinclair |
He was the author of the sensational novel, THE JUNGLE, published in 1906. His intention was to describe the conditions of canning factory workers. Instead, Americans were disgusted by his descriptions of dirty food production. His book influenced consumers to demand safer canned products. |
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meant inspection act |
Passed in 1906. It stated that the preparation of meat shipped over state lines would be subject to federal inspection. Part of the Progressive reforms, which helped out the consumer. |
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untop sinclair |
He was the author of the sensational novel, THE JUNGLE, published in 1906. His intention was to describe the conditions of canning factory workers. Instead, Americans were disgusted by his descriptions of dirty food production. His book influenced consumers to demand safer canned products. |
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pure food & drug act |
It was created in 1906 and was designed to prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals. It was made to protect the consumer. |
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gifford pinchot |
known for reforming the management and development of forests in the United States and for advocating the conservation of the nation's reserves by planned use and renewal. He called it "the art of producing from the forest whatever it can yield for the service of man." He coined the term conservation ethic as applied to natural resources. |
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newlands reclamation act |
Congressional response to Theodore Roosevelt in 1902. Washington was to collect money from sales of public lands in western states and use funds for development of irrigation projects |
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john muir |
a Scottish-born American naturalist, author, and early advocate of preservation of wilderness in the United States. His letters, essays, and books telling of his adventures in nature, especially in the Sierra Nevadamountains of California, have been read by millions. His activism helped to save the Yosemite Valley, Sequoia National Park and other wilderness areas. |
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panic of 1907 |
United states financial crisis that took place over a three week period starting in mid october |
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william h taft |
In the 1908 election he was chosen over William Jennings Bryan to succeed Roosevelt. As president he approached foreign policy by using America's wealth to negotiate politically. He also brought suits against 90 trusts during his administration. Due to his lack of political skills, he helped divide the Republican Party |
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dollar diplomacy |
Taft's foreign policy which replaced "bullets with dollars"; involved investors instead of military. Eventually worked better in Latin America than China. |
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payne- aldrich act |
Signed by Taft in March of 1909 in contrast to campaign promises. Was supposed to lower tariff rates but Senator Nelson N. Aldrich of Rhode Island put revisions that raised tariffs. This split the Republican party into progressives (lower tariff) and conservatives (high tariff). |
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ballinger-pinchot affair |
Ballinger, who was the Secretary of Interior, opened public lands in Wyoming, Montana, and Alaska against Roosevelt's conservation policies. Pinchot, who was the Chief of Forestry, supported former President Roosevelt and demanded that Taft dismiss Ballinger. Taft, who supported Ballinger, dismissed Pinchot on the basis of insubordination. This divided the Republican Party. |
