Ch. 26 - The Road To War

Front 1

Isolationism

Back 1

Withdrawal from world affairs in the 1920s & 30s.

Front 2

Disarmament

Back 2

Reducing the size of a country's military.

Front 3

Emily Greene Balch

Back 3

A leader of the women's movement who played an important role in peace efforts.

Front 4

Washington Conference

Back 4

An international conference in Washington D.C. that focused on naval disarmament and Pacific security.

Front 5

Charles Evans Hughes

Back 5

U.S. Secretary of State who was born in 1862, a justice on the Supreme Court, ran against Woodrow Wilson, losing by 23 electoral votes. He was a world peace leader.

Front 6

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Back 6

A treaty signed by 62 countries and outlawed war "as an instrument of national policy" but allowed countries to go to war in self-defense.

Front 7

Adolf Hitler

Back 7

German WWI veteran who joined a radical organization that planed to overthrow the German gov. in 1923 and was put in jail.

Front 8

Emiliano Chamorro

Back 8

Overthrew the Nicaraguan government in 1925.

Front 9

Henry Stimson

Back 9

Long time public official appointed by President Coolidge to negotiate the end to the Nicaraguan civil war in 1926. Proposed a peace treaty that called for the abolition of Nicaragua's armed forces.

Front 10

Augusto Cesar Sandino

Back 10

A Nicaraguan general who opposed Chamorro, and refused to accept Stimson's proposal.

Front 11

Adolfo Diaz

Back 11

Chamorro's successor.

Front 12

Anastasio Somoza

Back 12

Commander of the U.S.-trained National Guard and Nicaraguan general who ordered Sandino's assassination.

Front 13

Lazaro Cardenas

Back 13

Mexico's president in 1938 who began to nationalize the country's oil industry.

Front 14

Nationalize

Back 14

Assert government control over.

Front 15

Josephus Daniels

Back 15

U.S. ambassador to Mexico who argued for a compromise between the Mexican government and the oil companies.

Front 16

Caudillos

Back 16

Military leaders who used force to maintain order in the 1930s.

Front 17

Good Neighbor Policy

Back 17

FDR's 1933 inaugural adress which spelled out his policy of mutual respect toward Latin America.

Front 18

Benito Mussolini

Back 18

Italian leader who founded the Fascist Party to destroy the Communist Party in 1921.

Front 19

Fascist Party

Back 19

Believed that a military-dominated government should control all aspects of society.

Front 20

Blackshirts

Back 20

Mussolini's followers who wore black uniforms.

Front 21

Joseph Stalin

Back 21

Became Russia's leader after Lenin died in 1924.

Front 22

Totalitarian state

Back 22

A country where the government has complete control.

Front 23

Nazi Party

Back 23

Adolf Hitler's National Socialist Party.

Front 24

Brownshirts

Back 24

Nazi storm troopers who wore brown uniforms.

Front 25

Anti-Semitism

Back 25

Hatred of Jews.

Front 26

Kristallnacht

Back 26

"The night of broken glass," when Nazi thugs burned down synagogues and destroyed Jewish businesses.

Front 27

Francisco Franco

Back 27

Spanish leader who took over the government with German and Italian military aid.

Front 28

Popular Front

Back 28

An international alliance of organizations united against fascism.

Front 29

Munich Conference

Back 29

European leaders who met to resolve their conflicts. Consisted of Adolf Hiter, Benito Mussolini, Neville Chanberlain and Edouard Daladier in Munich, Germany in Sep. 1938.

Front 30

Axis Powers

Back 30

A military alliance formed by Germany and Italy. Japan later joined them.

Front 31

Appeasement

Back 31

Giving in to demands in an attempt to avoid a larger conflict.

Front 32

Winston Churchhill

Back 32

Politician from G.B. who feared that appeasement would encourage Hitler to seize additional territory.

Front 33

Nonaggression Pact

Back 33

Pact between Hitler and Joseph Stalin who agreed not to attack each other.

Front 34

Allied Powers

Back 34

A military alliance formed by Britain and France. The U.S. later joined them.

Front 35

Lend-Lease Act

Back 35

The U.S. spent $7 billion for ships, planes, tanks and other supplies to non-Axis countries. Passed in March 1941.

Front 36

Blitzkrieg

Back 36

"Lightning War"

Front 37

Maginot Line

Back 37

A line of defenses along the French border with Germany.

Front 38

Atlantic Charter

Back 38

A joint pledge to not pursue territorial expansion.

Front 39

Hideki Tojo

Back 39

Former minister of war who became prime minister of Japan.