Ch. 26 A&p Reproductive System

Front 1

Primary function of both male and female reproductive systems

Back 1

To produce offspring

Front 2

External genitalia of the male

Back 2

Penis and scrotum

Front 3

Accessory or supportive sex glands of the male

Back 3

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands

Front 4

Reproductive ducts of the male

Back 4

Ductus (vas) deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Front 5

Essential organs of the male

Back 5

Gonads or testes

Front 6

Circumcision definition

Back 6

Surgical removal of foreskin

Front 7

Bulbourethral is also known as

Back 7

Cowper's gland

Front 8

Male reproductive fluid

Back 8

Semen

Front 9

Zygote definition

Back 9

Fertilized ovum

Front 10

Testosterone definition

Back 10

Hormone secreted by interstitial cells

Front 11

Epididymis definition

Back 11

A tightly coiled tube where sperm mature and develop the ability to swim

Front 12

Spermatogenesis definition

Back 12

Sperm production

Front 13

Scrotum definition

Back 13

Pouch-like external genitalia that contains the testes

Front 14

Gametes definition

Back 14

Specialized reproductive sex cells

Front 15

Prostrate definition

Back 15

Gland shaped like a doughnut that secretes a thin milk-like fluid

Front 16

The testes are made up of

Back 16

Seminiferous tubules that produce the sperm and Interstitial cells that secrete the male sex hormone, testosterone

Front 17

The testes are

Back 17

Male gonads

Front 18

What does sperm look like

Back 18

Tadpole

Front 19

How many hormones control the male reproductive system?

Back 19

Four

Front 20

4 hormones that control the male reproductive system

Back 20

Releasing hormone, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Testosterone

Front 21

Testosterone is responsible for

Back 21

Development of secondary male sex characteristics. Promotion of and development of the male accessory organs. Stimulation of protein anabolism, which is responsible for the greater muscular development and strength of the male

Front 22

The _______ cells secrete the male hormone, testosterone.

Back 22

Interstitial

Front 23

Spermatids have __ chromosomes

Back 23

23

Front 24

A specialized structure on the sperm containing enzymes that break down the covering of the ovum is the ___

Back 24

Acrosome

Front 25

The genetic information is held in the ___ of the sperm

Back 25

Head

Front 26

Carries urine through the urethra to be eliminated and is also the organ of copulation (sexual intercourse)

Back 26

Penis

Front 27

Hangs loosely between the legs and contains the testes

Back 27

Scrotum

Front 28

Beginning with the location where sperm form, complete the pathway they take to the external environment

Back 28

Testis, Epididymis, Ductus deferens, Seminal vesicle, Ejaculatory duct, Prostate gland and urethra, Cowper's gland

Front 29

Low sperm production

Back 29

Oligospermia

Front 30

A type of blood analysis that is used to screen for prostate cancer

Back 30

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Front 31

Enlargement of the prostate

Back 31

Benign prostastic hypertrophy

Front 32

Intestines push through the weak area of abdominal wall that separates the abdominopelivic wall from the scrotum

Back 32

Inguinal hernia

Front 33

Inability to achieve an erection

Back 33

Impotence

Front 34

Accumulation of fluid in the srcotum

Back 34

Hydrocele

Front 35

Failure of testes to descend

Back 35

Cryptochidism

Front 36

Foreskin fits so tight that it can't retract

Back 36

Phimosis

Front 37

Essential organs of the female

Back 37

Gonads or ovaries

Front 38

Reproductive ducts of the female

Back 38

Uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina

Front 39

Accessory or supportive sex glands of the female

Back 39

Bartholin’s glands and breasts

Front 40

External genitalia of the female

Back 40

Vulva

Front 41

What do ovaries look like?

Back 41

Almonds

Front 42

Located within each ovary are

Back 42

Ovarian follicles

Front 43

A mature ovum in its sac is often referred to as

Back 43

Graafian follicle

Front 44

The two uterine tubes are also known

Back 44

Fallopian tubes or oviducts

Front 45

Known as the womb

Back 45

Uterus

Front 46

Erectile tissue that is analogous to the male penis

Back 46

Clitoris

Front 47

Beginning with the location where ovum matures, complete the pathway it takes to the external environment

Back 47

Ovary, Fimbriae of oviduct, Oviduct, Uterus, Vagina

Front 48

The typical uterine menstrual cycle lasts how many days?

Back 48

28

Front 49

3 phases of the menstrual cycle

Back 49

Menstrual phase (menses), Proliferative phase, and Secretory phase

Front 50

The reparative stage that occurs during days 6 through 13 is known as the ______

Back 50

Proliferative phase

Front 51

The uterine lining prepares for implantation of the fertilized ovum during the ____ which occurs during days 15 through 28

Back 51

Secretory phase

Front 52

Gemetes

Back 52

What comes from it ; sperm and

Front 53

The corpus luteum secretes

Back 53

Progesterone

Front 54

During days 1 - 7, the anterior pituitary gland secretes increasing amounts of ________

Back 54

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Front 55

The "ovulating hormone" is ______

Back 55

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Front 56

The first menses is called the ____

Back 56

Menarche

Front 57

The primary hormone secreted during the Follicle Phase is ________

Back 57

Estrogen

Front 58

If left untreated, many STDs can lead to other conditions such as

Back 58

Infertility and sterility, Complications in, pregnancy, Pelvic inflammatory disease, and Reproductive system cancers

Front 59

"Yellow body"

Back 59

Corpus luteum

Front 60

The cessation of menstruation

Back 60

Menopause

Front 61

Colored area around the nipple

Back 61

Areolar

Front 62

The membrane that partially closes the vaginal orifice

Back 62

Hymen

Front 63

Also known as fallopian tubes

Back 63

Oviducts

Front 64

Female sex cells production

Back 64

Oogenesis

Front 65

The area between the vaginal opening and anus

Back 65

Perineum

Front 66

The muscle layer of the uterus

Back 66

Myometrium

Front 67

The foreskin on the male is also known as the

Back 67

Prepuce

Front 68

Condition of undescended testes

Back 68

Cryptorchidism

Front 69

The male gland that secretes a fructose sugar used as an energy source for sperm is the

Back 69

Seminal vesicle

Front 70

The optimal temperature for sperm production is about ___ normal body temperature

Back 70

3 degrees below

Front 71

The tightly coiled tube of the epididymis measures

Back 71

20 feet in length

Front 72

Stem cells for sperm are known as

Back 72

Spermatognia

Front 73

In the sperm, mitochondria are located in the

Back 73

Midpiece

Front 74

The fundus of the uterus is the

Back 74

Area above where the tubes enter

Front 75

The layer of the uterus from _____ tissue is sloughed during menstruation is the

Back 75

Endometrium

Front 76

The region between the vaginal orifice and the anus is called the

Back 76

Perineum

Front 77

Fertilization of an ovum often occurs in the

Back 77

Fallopian tube

Front 78

The part of the vulva that is composed of erectile tissue and is located just behind the anterior junction of the labia minora is called the

Back 78

Clitoris

Front 79

During a 28-day menstrual cycle, ovulation would be most likely to occur on day ___ of the cycle

Back 79

14

Front 80

Shortly before menstruation....

Back 80

Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease

Front 81

The hormone that causes the follicle to rupture and the ovum to be expelled is

Back 81

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Front 82

Vas deferens

Back 82

The duct that conveys sperm from the testicle to the urethra

Front 83

Parts of sperm

Back 83

Head: Primarily a nucleus. Acrosome: Contains enzymes for fertilization. Body: Mitochondria. Tail: Flagellum.

Front 84

Roles of the male reproductive system

Back 84

Produce, nourish, and transport sperm. Deposit sperm within the female reproductive tract. Secrete hormones.

Front 85

What divides spermatocytes?

Back 85

Meiosis

Front 86

Spermatogonia mature into _______

Back 86

Spermatocytes

Front 87

Seminal vesicles is ___ % of semen’s volume

Back 87

60

Front 88

________ mix with sperm to form semen

Back 88

Glandular secretions

Front 89

Blood engorges erectile tissue

Back 89

Erection

Front 90

Movement of semen from genital ducts into proximal urethra

Back 90

Emission

Front 91

Expulsion of semen from urethra

Back 91

Ejaculation

Front 92

Pleasurablesensations at height of sexual stimulation

Back 92

Orgasm

Front 93

Female reproductive system roles

Back 93

Produce eggs. Secrete hormones. Nurture and protect a developing baby during 9 months of pregnancy.

Front 94

Reduces chromosomes from 46 to 23

Back 94

Meiosis

Front 95

Works with estrogen to establish the menstrual cycle. Helps maintain pregnancy. Prepares the breasts for milk production after pregnancy.

Back 95

Progesterone

Front 96

Female genital tract

Back 96

Fallopian tubes, Uterus, Vagina

Front 97

Ectopic pregnancy

Back 97

Fertilized ovum implants in tube

Front 98

Often caused by repeated STDs. Major cause of infertility.

Back 98

Scarring and blockage of fallopian tubes

Front 99

Genital tract opens directly into sterile pelvic cavity

Back 99

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Front 100

Parts of the birth canal

Back 100

Fornices, Rugae, Hymen

Front 101

Formed by cervix & Site of Pap smear

Back 101

Fornices

Front 102

Accommodates baby

Back 102

Rugae

Front 103

Corpus luteum: Dead. Uterine lining loses hormonal support and sloughs off (the period). Cycle starts again as declining ovarian hormones trigger FSH.

Back 103

Nonpregnant

Front 104

Corpus luteum: Alive. Secretes progesterone and estrogen. Hormones sustain endometrium. Early embryo implants in endometrium (uterus)

Back 104

Pregnant

Front 105

Menstrual period

Back 105

Menses

Front 106

Menopause

Back 106

Decrease in ovarian hormones. Menstrual periods decrease, eventually cease. Other systemic effects.

Front 107

Methods of birth control

Back 107

Barrier, Hormonal, Surgical, Intrauterine device, Behavioral methods.