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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the Murmurs that are heard during systole?
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Mitral regurgitation
Aortic Stenosis Interventricular septal defect Patent ductus arteriosus Tetralogy of Fallot |
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What are the murmurs that are heard during systole?
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Mitral stenosis
Aortic Regurgitation Tricuspid valve stenosis Patent ductus arteriosus |
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Events that occur during progressive shock
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Increase Capillary permeability
Vasomotor center failure Peripheral circulatory failure decreased cellular mitochondrial activity Acidosis Urine output decreases |
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When to administer a sympathomimetic drug to prevent shock?
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To counter act HTN (as a vasoconstrictor)
1. Spinal cord injury 2. very deep anesthesia 3. Anaphylactic shock |
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When to give a balanced electrolyte solution as a treatment for shock?
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Excess vomiting
Hemorrhage Overuse of diuretics Diarrhea |
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What is the first heart sound caused by?
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Closing of the atrioventricular valves
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What is the second heart sound caused by?
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Closing of Pulmonary and Aortic valves
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What is the 3rd heart sound associated with?
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Inrushing of blood into the ventricles in the early to middle part of diastole
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What is the 4th heart sound associated with?
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Inrushing of blood into the ventricles caused by atrial contraction occurs @ end of diastolic period
"Kick" that increase output by 25-30% |
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Aortic valve regurgitation associated with?
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Increased Pulse pressure
Decreased diastolic pressure |
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Compensated hemorrhagic shock
How is progression prevented? |
Increased heart rate
stress-relaxation -> constrict veins Increase ADH -> water retention CNS- Ischemic response (which increase sympathetic output, increase absorption, increase volume in the vasoculature) |
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How do the following affect hypertrophy in the ventricles?
1. Pulmonary valve regurgitation 2. Aortic stenosis 3. Mitral stenosis 4. Tricuspid stenosis |
1. Pulmonary valve regurgitation -> RT ventricle hypertrophy
2. Aortic stenosis-> LF ventricle hypertrophy 3. Mitral stenosis-> Ventricles stay normal 4. Tricuspid stenosis-> Ventricles stay normal |
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Patient received influenza inoculation and went into shock...what is the treatment?
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Sympathomimetic drug
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Overdose of furosemide.. What is the treatment?
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Replace volume lost in the urine by infusion of a balanced electrolyte
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What can cause increase in left atrial pressure?
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Mitral stenosis
Aortic regurgitation Mitral regurgitation |
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What can cause increase in Right Atrial pressure?
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Tricuspid stenosis and regurgitation
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what is a shock that causes increase in cardiac output?
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Septic shock
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What can cause left side of heart to enlarge?
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Aortic stenosis
Aortic regurgitation (increased in pulse pressure) |
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In intestinal obstruction what is the treatment?
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due to severe reduction in plasma volume-> treat with replacing plasma
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Progressive shock
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-Acidosis
-Blood agglutination -Vessels blocked -Necrosis of liver -Mitrochondrial activity decreases - Increased capillary permeability - Increased release of hydrolases by the lysosomes - decreased in cellular metabolism of glucose |
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Progressive HEMORRHAGIC shock
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-decrease in cardiac contractility
- vasomotor center is depressed -Acidosis -Endotoxin release -Increased capillary permeability -Active transport of Na/K decreases |
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Burned patients.. Treatment?
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Treat with Plasma infusion
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