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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Streptococcal Respiratory Diseases
Sore throat, difficulty swallowing; may progress to _____ or _______ fever |
scarlet, rheumatic
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Streptococcal Respiratory Diseases
Pathogen and virulence factors Caused by Group A streptococci (_____________) Virulence factors include M proteins, hyaluronidase capsules, streptokinases,"", pyrogenic toxins, streptolysins |
S. pyogenes
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Streptococcal Respiratory Diseases
Pathogenesis Typically occur when normal ________ are depleted, large _________ is introduced, or adaptive immunity is impaired |
microbiota, inoculum
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Streptococcal Respiratory Diseases
Epidemiology Spread via __________ droplets Occurs most often in winter and spring |
respiratory
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Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
Often confused with viral _________. _________ is an effective treatment (___________ for resistant strains) |
pharyngitis, Penicillin, Erythromycin
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Diphtheria
Signs and symptoms Sore throat, oozing fluid , _____________ that obstruct airways |
pseudomembrane
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Diphtheria
Pathogen and virulence factors Caused by ______________________ Virulent C. diphtheriae produce diphtheria toxin, which causes cell death |
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
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Diphtheria
Pathogenesis and epidemiology Spread person to person via respiratory droplets or skin contact. Carrier state seen Immunocompromised or nonimmune individuals develop ______________ infections |
symptomatic
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Diphtheria
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention Diagnosis based on presence of a __________________ Treated by administration of ______ and ________. __________, _________ Immunization is an effective prevention (________ _______-DPT) |
pseudomembrane, antitoxin and antibiotics. Erythromycin, penicillin. Diphtheria toxoid
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Common Cold
____________ are the most common cause, |
Rhinoviruses
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Sinusitis and Otitis Media
Caused by various bacteria such as Streptococcus ___________, Staphylococcus _______, Haemophilus ____________, and Moraxella catarrhalis Sinusitis and Otitis Media |
pneuomoniae, aureus, influenzae
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Bacterial Pneumonias
______ pneumonia involves entire lobes of the lungs Bacterial pneumonias are the most serious and the most frequent in ______. Often fatal |
lobar, adults
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Pneumoccocal Pneumonia
Caused by Streptococcus _____________ Virulence factors include adhesins, capsule, pneumolysin |
pneumoniae
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Pneumoccocal Pneumonia
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention ____________ is the drug of choice for treatment Vaccination is method of prevention. _________ vaccine |
Vancomycin, Pneumovax
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Primary Atypical (Mycoplasmal) Pneumonia
Caused by _________ ____________ Virulence factors include an adhesion protein |
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Primary Atypical (Mycoplasmal) Pneumonia
Treated with __________ and erythromycin Prevention is difficult because individuals can be infective despite lack of symptoms |
tetracycline, erythromycin
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Klebsiella Pneumonia
Caused by _______ __________ Virulence factors include a capsule |
Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Klebsiella Pneumonia
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention Treated with _______________ Prevention involves good aseptic technique by health care workers |
Cephalosporins
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Legionnaires Disease
Caused by __________ ________ |
Legionella pneumophila
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Legionnaires Disease
_________ or _________ are the drugs of choice for treatment |
Quinolones, macrolides
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Tuberculosis
Diagnostics- ____ _____ stain of sputum, sputum culture , Tuberculin skin tests, chest X-ray, PCR of sputum Treatment- Isoniazid, ethambutol, ________, _________. |
Acid fast, rifampin, streptomycin
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