Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What causes antibiotic resistance |
overuse |
|
|
why does overuse cause problems with antibiotic resistance |
mutations, selection, and conjugation |
|
|
what are the causes of antibiotic resistance due to overuse |
over-prescribing, agriculture |
|
|
Penicillin and Cephalosporin |
Cell wall breakers, |
|
|
Penicillinase: |
weapon of the resistant microbe, enzyme that cuts penicillin |
|
|
Vancomycin |
used in case of penicillin and methicillin resistance, or if PCN allergy, toxic and hard to administer, restricted use |
|
|
isoniazid |
used for mycobacterium, anti TB |
|
|
Polymixins |
cell membrane breakers, used topically |
|
|
DNA gyrase |
enzyme that only prokaryotes have |
|
|
Cipro |
breaks up DNA gyrase, quinolones |
|
|
Ribosome toxins |
chloramphenicol, streptomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamycin |
|
|
enzyme inhibitors |
sulfa drugs, mimic PABA, stop folic acid synthesis |
|
|
-azoles |
antifungals, almost all are topicals because they are toxic |
|
|
grisofulvin |
another type of antifungal |
|
|
antiprotozoans |
chloroquine, metronidazole, flagyl |
|
|
antihelminth |
vermox, niclosamide, pyrantel, piperazine |
|
|
Amantadine |
antiviral, prevent fusion of virus with membrane |
|
|
Relenza and Tamiflu |
influenza A & B, only works in first 36 hours of treatment |
|
|
-cyclovirs |
anti-herpes |
|
|
AZT/Azidothymidine |
retrovirus chemotherapy, interferes with viral DNA synthesis |
|
|
Interferons |
human-based protein made by white blood cells |
