Ch. 20 Bio All Terms

Front 1

any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote

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protist

Front 2

eukaryotes not members of the kingdoms Plantae, Animalia or Fungi

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Protists

Front 3

animallike protists that swim using flagella are

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zooflagellates

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Zooflagellates are classified in the phylum

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Zoomastigina

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Sarcodines move via temporary cytoplasmic projections known as

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pseudopods

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animallike protists that use pseudopods for feeding and movement

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sarcodines

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cytoplasm of the cell streams into the pseudopod, and the rest of the cell follows. this is known as

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amoeboid movement

Front 8

a small cavity in the cytoplasm that temporarily stores food

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food vacuole

Front 9

Members of the phylum Ciliophora use - for feeding and movement

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cilia

Front 10

very small, bottle-shaped structures used for defense

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trichocysts

Front 11

a "working library" of genetic information- a site for keeping multiple copies of most of the genes that the cell needs in its day-to-day existence.

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macronucleus

Front 12

contains a "reserve copy" of all the cell's genes

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micronucleus

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indentation in one side of the organism

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gullet

Front 14

waste materials are emptied into the environment when the food vacuole fusees with a region of the cell membrane called the ___

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anal pore

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cavities int eh cytoplasm that are specialized to collect water

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contractile vacuole

Front 16

when placed under stress, paramecia may engage in a process known as ___ that allows them to exchange genetic material with other indivuduals

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conjugation

Front 17

Members of the phylum - do not move on their own and are parasitic

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Sporozoans

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many algae have compounds that absorb light at different wavelenths than chlorophyll

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accessory pigments

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__ and ___ allow algae to harvest and use the energy from the sun

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chlorophyll and accessory pigments

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plantlike protists that have two flagella but no cell wall

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euglenophytes

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cluster of reddish pigment which helps the organism find sunlight to power photosynthesis

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eyespot

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intricate cell membrane, folded into ribbon like ridges, each ridge supported by microtubules. tough and flexible, letting euglenas crawl through mud when there is not enough water for them to swim

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pellicle

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members of the phylum - are a diverse group of plantlike protists that have gold-colored chloroplasts

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chrysophyta

Front 24

produce thin, delicate cell walls rich in Silicon, the main component of glass

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diatoms

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half of the dinoflagellates are -, half are -

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photosynthetic, heterotrophs

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constitute the population of small, photosynthetic organisms found near the surface of the ocean

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phytoplankton

Front 27

contain chlorophyll a and reddish accessory pigments called phycoblins

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red algae

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especially good at absorbing blue light, enabling red algae to live deeper in the ocean than many other photosynthetic algae

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phycobilins

Front 29

contain chlorophyll a and c, as well as a brown accessory pigment, fucoxanthin

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brown algae

Front 30

share many characteristics with plants, including their photosynthetic pigments and cell wall composition

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green algae

Front 31

Freshwater algae forms long, threadlike colonies called -, in which the cells are stacked almost like aluminum cans placed end to end

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filaments

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the life cycles of many algae include both a - and - generation

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diploid and haploid

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haploid forms of Ulva are known as -

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fametophytes

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The diploid Ulva undergoes meiosis to produce haploid reproductive cells called -

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spores

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because the diploid Ulva produces spores, it is known as a

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sporophyte

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heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter and have centrioles and lack the chitin cell walls of true fungi

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funguslike protists

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funguslike protists that play key roles in recycling organic material

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slime molds

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broad groups of slime molds are recognized. the individual cells of ___ remain distinct, seperated by cell membranes

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cellular slime molds

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slime molds taht pass through a stage in which their cells fuse to form larger cells with many nuclei are called

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acellular slime molds

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the colony migrates for several centimeters, then stops and produces a slender reproductive structure taht produces spores known as

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a fruiting body

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four phyla of unicellular algae

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euglenophytes
chrisophytes
dinoflagellates
diatoms