Ch. 2: Terms Pertaining To The Body As A Whole

Front 1

the process of building up large proteins from amino acids

Back 1

anabolism

Front 2

the process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released

Back 2

catabolism

Front 3

structure that surrounds and protects the cell; determines what enters and leaves

Back 3

cell membrane

Front 4

all the material that is outside the nucleus but contained within the cell membrane

Back 4

cytoplasm

Front 5

rod-shaped structure in the nucleus that contains genes

Back 5

chromosome

Front 6

the genetic material found in each chromosome

Back 6

DNA

Front 7

network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell where proteins are made

Back 7

endoplasmic reticulum

Front 8

regions of DNA within each chromosome

Back 8

genes

Front 9

picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell arranged in a numerical order to determine their number and structure

Back 9

karyotype

Front 10

sum of all the chemical processes in the cell

Back 10

metabolism

Front 11

powerhouse of the cell

Back 11

mitochondria

Front 12

control center of the cell

Back 12

nucleus

Front 13

fat cells

Back 13

adipose tissue

Front 14

flexible connective tissue attached to the bones and joints

Back 14

cartilage

Front 15

skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line the internal surfaces of organs

Back 15

epithelial cells

Front 16

specialist in the study of tissues

Back 16

histologist

Front 17

"voice box"; located in the upper part of the trachea

Back 17

larynx

Front 18

throat; common passageway for food and air

Back 18

pharynx

Front 19

endocrine gland at the base of the brain

Back 19

pituitary gland

Front 20

endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck

Back 20

thyroid gland

Front 21

the tube leading from the throat to the bronchial tubes

Back 21

trachea

Front 22

the tube leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder

Back 22

ureter

Front 23

the organ that holds the embryo/fetus as it develops

Back 23

uterus

Front 24

internal organs

Back 24

viscera

Front 25

space below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, intestines, etc.

Back 25

abdominal cavity

Front 26

space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull

Back 26

cranial cavity

Front 27

muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

Back 27

diaphragm

Front 28

pertaining to the back

Back 28

dorsal/posterior

Front 29

centrally located space outside of and between the lungs

Back 29

mediastinum

Front 30

space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs

Back 30

pelvic cavity

Front 31

double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity

Back 31

peritoneum

Front 32

double-folded membrane surrounding each lung

Back 32

pleura

Front 33

space between the pleural layers

Back 33

pleural cavity

Front 34

space within the spinal column containing the spinal cord

Back 34

spinal cavity

Front 35

space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, etc.

Back 35

thoracic cavity

Front 36

pertaining to the front

Back 36

ventral/anterior

Front 37

right and left upper abdominopelvic regions beneath the ribs

Back 37

hypochondriac

Front 38

middle upper abdominopelvic region above the stomach

Back 38

epigastric

Front 39

right and left middle abdominopelvic regions near the waist

Back 39

lumbar

Front 40

central abdominopelvic region near the naval

Back 40

umbilical

Front 41

right and left abdominopelvic region near the groin

Back 41

inguinal/iliac

Front 42

middle lower abdominopelvic region below the umbilical region

Back 42

hypogastric

Front 43

neck region (C1 to C7)

Back 43

cervical

Front 44

chest region (T1 to T12)

Back 44

thoracic

Front 45

loin (waist) region (L1 to L5)

Back 45

lumbar

Front 46

region of the sacrum (S1 to S5)

Back 46

sacral

Front 47

region of the coccyx (tailbone)

Back 47

coccygeal

Front 48

single backbone

Back 48

vertebra

Front 49

backbones

Back 49

vertebrae

Front 50

bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

Back 50

spinal column

Front 51

nervous tissue within the spinal cavity

Back 51

spinal cord

Front 52

pad of cartilage between the vertebrae

Back 52

disc

Front 53

away from the surface

Back 53

deep

Front 54

far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure

Back 54

distal

Front 55

vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions

Back 55

frontal/coronal plane

Front 56

below another structure

Back 56

inferior

Front 57

pertaining to the tail or lower portion of the body

Back 57

caudal

Front 58

pertaining to the side

Back 58

lateral

Front 59

pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of the body

Back 59

medial

Front 60

lying on the belly

Back 60

prone

Front 61

near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure

Back 61

proximal

Front 62

vertical plane dividing the body into left and right portions

Back 62

sagittal plane

Front 63

vertical plane that divides the body into left and right halves

Back 63

midsagittal plane

Front 64

on the surface

Back 64

superficial

Front 65

above another structure

Back 65

superior

Front 66

pertaining to the head

Back 66

cephalic

Front 67

lying on back

Back 67

supine

Front 68

horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions

Back 68

transverse/axial plane

Front 69

abdomen

Back 69

abdomin/o

Hint 69

combining form

Front 70

fat

Back 70

adip/o

Hint 70

combining form

Front 71

front

Back 71

anter/o

Hint 71

combining form

Front 72

to cast (throw)

Back 72

bol/o

Hint 72

combining form

Front 73

neck

Back 73

cervic/o

Hint 73

combining form

Front 74

cartilage

Back 74

chondr/o

Hint 74

combining form

Front 75

color

Back 75

chrom/o

Hint 75

combining form

Front 76

coccyx

Back 76

coccyg/o

Hint 76

combining form

Front 77

skull

Back 77

crani/o

Hint 77

combining form

Front 78

cell

Back 78

cyt/o

Hint 78

combining form

Front 79

far, distant

Back 79

dist/o

Hint 79

combining form

Front 80

back portion of the body

Back 80

dors/o

Hint 80

combining form

Front 81

tissue

Back 81

hist/o

Hint 81

combining form

Front 82

ilium

Back 82

ili/o

Hint 82

combining form

Front 83

groin

Back 83

inguin/o

Hint 83

combining form

Front 84

nucleus

Back 84

kary/o

Hint 84

combining form

Front 85

side

Back 85

later/o

Hint 85

combining form

Front 86

lower back

Back 86

lumb/o

Hint 86

combining form

Front 87

middle

Back 87

medi/o

Hint 87

combining form

Front 88

nucleus

Back 88

nucle/o

Hint 88

combining form

Front 89

pelvis, hip region

Back 89

pelv/i

Hint 89

combining form

Front 90

back, behind

Back 90

poster/o

Hint 90

combining form

Front 91

nearest

Back 91

proxim/o

Hint 91

combining form

Front 92

sacrum

Back 92

sacr/o

Hint 92

combining form

Front 93

flesh

Back 93

sarc/o

Hint 93

combining form

Front 94

spine, backbone

Back 94

spin/o

Hint 94

combining form

Front 95

nipple

Back 95

thel(i)/o

Hint 95

combining form

Front 96

chest

Back 96

thorac/o

Hint 96

combining form

Front 97

trachea, windpipe

Back 97

trache/o

Hint 97

combining form

Front 98

navel, umbilicus

Back 98

umbilic/o

Hint 98

combining form

Front 99

belly side of the body

Back 99

ventr/o

Hint 99

combining form

Front 100

vertebra(e), backbone(s)

Back 100

vertebr/o

Hint 100

combining form

Front 101

internal organs

Back 101

viscer/o

Hint 101

combining form

Front 102

up

Back 102

ana-

Hint 102

prefix

Front 103

down

Back 103

cata-

Hint 103

prefix

Front 104

above

Back 104

epi-

Hint 104

prefix

Front 105

below

Back 105

hypo-

Hint 105

prefix

Front 106

inbetween

Back 106

inter-

Hint 106

prefix

Front 107

change

Back 107

meta-

Hint 107

prefix

Front 108

pertaining to

Back 108

-eal

Hint 108

suffix

Front 109

pertaining to

Back 109

-iac

Hint 109

suffix

Front 110

pertaining to

Back 110

-ior

Hint 110

suffix

Front 111

process, condition

Back 111

-ism

Hint 111

suffix

Front 112

pertaining to, full of

Back 112

-ose

Hint 112

suffix

Front 113

formation

Back 113

-plasm

Hint 113

suffix

Front 114

bodies

Back 114

-somes

Hint 114

suffix

Front 115

picture, classification

Back 115

-type

Hint 115

suffix