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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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substrate |
reactant of an enzyme-catalyst reaction |
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enzyme |
protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions |
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catalyst |
substrate that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
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activation energy |
energy that is needed to get a reaction started |
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product |
the element or compound produced by a chemical reaction |
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reactant |
elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction |
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chemical reaction |
process that changes or transforms one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals |
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monomer |
a small chemical unit that makes up a monomer |
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polymer |
molecules composed of many monomers, makes up a macromolecule |
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carbohydrate |
compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, major source of energy |
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monosaccarde |
simple sugar molecule |
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lipid |
macro-molecules made from carbon and hydrogen atoms, includes fats, oils, waxes |
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nucleic acid |
macro-molecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, phosphate |
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nucleotoide |
sub-unit of which nucleic acids are composed made of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
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protein |
macro-molecule that contains carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen |
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amino acid |
compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other |
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buffer |
compound that prevents sudden changes in pH |
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base |
compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) |
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acid |
compound that forms hydrogen ions in a solution (H+) |
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solvent |
dissolving substance of a solution |
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solute |
substance that is dissolved |
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solution |
a type of mixture where all components are equally distributed |
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mixture |
material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed but not chemically combined |
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adesion |
force of attraction between different molecules |
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cohesion |
attraction of molecules of the same substance |
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hydrogen bond |
weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom |
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ionic bond |
chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
