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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Verb endings: present tense
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-e, -st, -t; -en, -t, -en
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Present tense verb endings: verb stem ends in d or t
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-e, -est, -et, -en, -et, -en
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sagen: present tense
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sage, sagst, sagt, sagen, sagt, sagen
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finden: present tense
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finde, findest, findet; finden, findet, finden
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Pres tense, indicative verb endings: stem vowel ends in s, ss, tz, z
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-e, -t, -t; -en, -t, -en
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lesen: present tense
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lese, liest, liest; lesen, lest, lesen
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Verbs that change stem vowel from e to i: essen, geben, helfen, nehmen, sprechen, sterben, treffen, treten, vergessen, werfen
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isst, gibt, hilft, nimmt*, spricht, stirbt, trifft, tritt*,vergisst, wirft (note: stem vowel changes only in 2nd and 3rd person sing)
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Verbs that change stem from e to ei: emfehlen, geschehen, lesen, sehen, stehlen
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empfielt, geschieht, liest, sieht, stiehlt; note: stem vowel changes only in 2nd and 3rd person sing.
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Verbs that change stem from a to ä: fahren, fallen, fangen, halten, laden, lassen, raten, schlafen, tragen, waschen
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fa:hrt, fa:llt, fa:ngt, ha:lt*, la:dt*, la:sst, ra:t*, schla:ft, tra:gt, wa:scht (note: stem vowel changes only in 2nd and 3rd person sing)
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Verbs that change stem vowel from au to a:u - laufen, saufen
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la:uft, sa:uft (note: stem vowel changes only in 2nd and 3rd person sing)
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Imperatives: du-form
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verb stem + (e); note: (i) "e" must be used if stem ends in -t (antworte), -d (finde), or -ig (besichtige), but (ii) in most other cases can be dropped (sag, kom, geh)
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Imperatives: ihr-form
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same as 2nd pers pl: (i) verb stem + t (sagt, kommt) or verb stem + et (if verb stem ends in -d or -t, antwortet, findet)
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Imperatives: Sie-form
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verb stem + -en followed by Sie
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imperatives: sagen in du-form, ihr-form, and Sie-form
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sag, sagt, sagen Sie
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imperatives:antworten in du-form, ihr-form, and Sie-form
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antworte, antwortet, antworten Sie
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imperatives: finden in du-form, ihr-form, and Sie-form
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finde, findet, finden Sie!
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imperatives: stem-vowel change - e to i, or e to ie (e.g. geben, lesen)
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use the changed stem only in the du form (e.g. gib, gebt, geben Sie; lies, lest, lesen Sie)
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imperatives: stem-vowel change a to :a, and a to :au (e.g. schlafen, laufen)
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do *not* take an umlaut in forming the imperative (e.g. schlaf, schlaft, schlafen sie; lauf, lauft, laufen sie)
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imperatives: sein
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sei, seid, seien sie
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imperatives: wir-forms
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(i) same form as present tense indicative, (ii) never any stem-vowel change
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