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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Angels |
Messengers of God in spiritual form that Jesus compares to the state of humans after resurrection |
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Christ |
Jesus of Nazareth - followers believed he is the Messiah sent by God to free the faithful - incarnation of God as his son on Earth and he proved his teachings through his own resurrection and will return on the Last Day to judge the living and resurrected dead
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Heaven |
being with God obtained after resurrection by those who have committed themselves to following the teachings of Jesus Christ
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hell |
state/place of eternal damnation expressly mentioned by Jesus in the Gospels as the fate after resurrection of those who do not follow him |
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purgatory |
temporary state of everyone after death, during which the dead are punished by degrees to purge and purify them for the coming resurrection in heaven or eternal damnation Soul leaves the body and is in a transition-like state called purgatory |
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rapture |
idea that believers, living and dead will be carried to heaven immediately before (or during) the end-times and its cataclysmic Armageddon |
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resurrection |
following Jewish tradition, the belief that the dead will be raised again in a new body at the Final Judgment at the end of time; debate raged over whether the resurrection will be spiritual or physical |
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The New testament |
Is the second covenant with Jesus in whom all promises made by God to the Israelites come to fruition. The New testament contains: Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, Epistles, and Book of Revelation |
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Gospels |
recount of the life/teachings of Jesus as told by his 4 followers |
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Acts of the Apostles |
missions of Jesus's disciples such as Paul's mission to the gentiles |
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Epistles |
letters Paul wrote to various figures in the early Christian Church |
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Book of Revelation |
apocalyptic vision of what will occur during the end of the world and Judgment Day when Jesus returns to judge all humanity |
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Paul of Tarsus |
man who opened up Christianity to gentiles, preacher of Jesus's teachings, traveled throughout Roman Empire establishing churches where Christians can gather and worship |
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Martin Luther |
German friar and reformer who broke away from the Roman Catholic Church in the Middle Ages due to abuses of power by the Catholic Church who seemed to resort to fear mongering and extortion by selling indulgences and forgiveness at a price to people who wanted their sins absolved and a safe passage to heaven after death and prayers/services on behalf of the dead |
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Protestant Reformation |
reformers who broke away from the Catholic Church, rejected purgatory and the idea of coma-like suspended animation until the Last Day, rejected intermediary priest position of Catholic clergy that stressed authority of scripture and direct personal relationships with God where anyone can read the bible and read the Word of God |
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indulgence |
paper issued by Church to give someone partial/full absolution of sins. Was originally meant to acknowledge individuals who performed good work and prayers for forgiveness of sins, but the practise is abused by the church that sold indulgences to the larger populace for a high price via fear mongering and extortion |
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Augustine |
St. Augustine of Hippo - a preeminent church father who set down framework of beliefs where those who are resurrected are bodies not spirits, church believes in resurrection and God is omnipotent and can reanimate/resuscitate bodies from all the pieces decomposed and scattered away |
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Origen |
early church father who developed homily, controversial ideas at the time of the soul, resurrected body is not the same as real-life body (spiritual), everyone has eternal salvation but only a few will be in the presence of God, sinners tormented in hell then permitted eternal life in front of God |
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Dance of Death |
Death personified as a Grim Reaper who invites the dying to dance with him into the beyond |
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Does the Gospels say Jesus's resurrection was physical or spiritual? |
Bodily resurrection, not a spiritual one, Gospels said Jesus appeared out of thin air, or in other forms, appeared at dinner with apostles, touched his wounds and they found his body was missing from the tomb |
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What are Paul's ideas on the resurrection? |
He says the state of man is that he sown a natural body but raised a spiritual body meaning there is a change from the present state. The corruptible physical body is dead and gone and a fresh incorruptible spiritual body is born
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What were Augustine's views of the afterlife? |
St. Augustine believed all the resurrected with be flesh, not spiritual because God is powerful enough to recall all the portions that have burned, decomposed, eaten by animals |
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How do Augustine's views differ from Origen's? |
Augustine believed in physical flesh resurrection and Origen believed in spiritual resurrection |
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Why did the focus shift from resurrection to one's immediate death? What happened as a direct result of this shift? |
As time went on, Jesus's contemporaries expected "end times" to come soon and see Judgment Day but it is now a distant idea so the church started selling indulgences to appease people who were afraid of death Martin Luther and other reformer broke away because they thought the Church had become corrupted from this practise and became Protestants |
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What is the Protestant response to purgatory?
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Protestants rejected purgatory thinking it's a tool used by the church to scare believers to pay tribute to "save" deceased souls. Instead, they believed in the sheol like Judaic state of "sleeping" dead until being awakened at the Last Day |
