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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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neurons |
- inform the brain in the nervous systems parts of the neruon: soma, axon, terminal buttons, neurotransmitters, synaps, dendrites, myelin sheath, nodes of ranvier |
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soma |
cell body |
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axon |
sends into to other neurons |
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terminal buttons |
transmits message out |
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neurotransmitters |
chemical messengers that transport nerve impulses |
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synapse |
small gap neurotransmitters carry impulses through |
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dendrites |
- branch-like structures at the end of axons - recieve info from other neurons |
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sensory neuron |
nervous system sensors |
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motor neurons |
neurons for muscle movement in the body |
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glands |
structures that secrete hormones |
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hormones |
secretions that help regulate bodily processes |
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inter neurons |
nerve cells within the central nervous system |
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glial cells |
small cells that support the myelin sheath |
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myelin sheath |
insulation for the axon |
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nodes of ranvier |
breaks in the myelin sheath |
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multiple sclerosis |
a disease in the central nervous system from a defective myelin sheath |
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ions |
electrically charged chemical particles |
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resting potential |
potential across the cell membrane of a neuron in its resting state |
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deplorization |
a positive shift in the electrical charge in the neuron's resting potential, changing from positive to negative |
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action potential |
charge from negative to positive charge a.k.a. neural impulse |
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refractory period |
when a neuron is unable to fire in response to continued stumulation |
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receptor site |
a site on the receiving neuron where neurotransmitters are |
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reuptake |
neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the transmitting neurons |
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enzymes |
organic substances that produce certain chemical changes |
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central nervous system (CNS) |
connects brain and spinal cord |
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peripheral nervous system |
connects CNS with organs, muscles, and glands contains 2 parts: somatic nervous system, and autonamic nervous system |
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somatic nervous system |
transmit info between CNS and muscles |
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autonomic nervous system |
- regulates voluntary bodily procedures - ex) breathing, heart rate, indigestion - creates sympathetic nervous system, and parasympathetic nervous system |
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sympathetic nervous system |
speeds up bodily processes and stores energy |
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parasympathetic nervous system |
- regulates bodily processes - ex) digestion, and stored energy |
