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200 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A flexion contracture of the involved digits and decreased amount of flexion force in the adjacent digits
|
Quadrigia Phenomemon
Can occur if FDP is advanced more than 1 cm during repair |
|
What's in the Guyon's Canal?
|
Ulnar artery
Ulnar Nerve |
|
What are the borders of Guyon's canal?
|
Hook of hamate, pisiform
|
|
What sturcutres form the "snuffbox"?
|
scaphoid at the base
APL & EPB define radial border EPL ulnar border |
|
What structures are in the carpal tunnel?
|
Ten structures: 4 FDP, 4 FDS, Median nerve, FPL
|
|
What are the borders of the carpal tunnel?
|
Pisiform, Scaphoid tubercle, hook of Hamate, Trapezium
|
|
Is palmaris longus in the carpal tunnel?
|
NO, lies superficial
|
|
What is Linburg's sign?
|
Anatomic interconnection of FPL and FDP of index finger. Present in 31% of populuation
|
|
What are signs of Linburg's syndrome?
|
Interconnection leads to pain. Discomfort located over radialpalmer aspect of distal forearm and thumb
|
|
Linberg's syndrome is often present with what condition?
|
Carpal Tunnel syndrome
|
|
Check Rein ligaments cause what?
|
PIP Joint contractures
|
|
How do you assess for Linberg's sign?
|
Have patient actively flex the thumb IP joint. Look for involuntar motion at the index finger DIP
|
|
Swallowtails that become hypertrophied and shortened
|
Check rein ligaments. Swallowtails are extensions of the volar plate
|
|
1st DC
|
APL
EPB |
|
2nd DC
|
ECRB
ECRL |
|
What is the strongest wrist extensor?
|
ECRB: strongest and most efficient
|
|
Wrist extensor that is best for endurance?
|
ECRL:
|
|
Which wrist extensor is more efficient with arm supinated?
|
ECU
|
|
Lateral epi usually involves withs muscle?
|
ECRB
|
|
Which pulley is most affected in trigger finger?
|
A1 pulley
|
|
Transvers carpal ligament attaches to ......?
|
Scaphoid, Trapezium, pisiform, Hook of hamate
|
|
Pain, parasthesia, paralysis, pulselessness are symptoms of ?
|
Acute Compartment syndrome
|
|
Martin-Gruber anastomosis is present in .......% population?
|
15-20%
|
|
Anastomosis between median and ulnar nerve at forearm?
|
Martin-Gruber
|
|
Main stabilizer of the elbow
|
Medial (ulnar) collateral ligament (UCL)
|
|
Does damage to the elbow UCL require surgery?
|
Yes, usually does
|
|
Most important pulleys of the flexor tendons?
|
A2 & A4
|
|
Odd numbers of pulleys correlate with?
|
Finger joints:
MP=A1 PIP=A3 DIP=A5 |
|
Psychological condition that results in self infliction of harm to prolong illness
|
Secretan's Syndrome (Wallbangers's Disease)
|
|
Major arterial supply to the forearm and hand
|
Brachial Artery: It dives below the lacterus fibrosis and splits into radial and ulnar artery
|
|
Graysons ligaments runs ...... to the flexor sheath
|
volar
|
|
Cleland's ligament run ..... to the neurovascular bundle
|
Dorsal
|
|
Prevents rotary movement of skin around the fingers
|
Grayson's and Cleland's ligaments
|
|
Main artery to the supply the hand
|
Ulnar
Supplies 60% |
|
Artery that supplies superfical palmer arch
|
Ulnar
|
|
Artery that supplies deep Palmer arch to hand
|
Radial Artery
|
|
Innervation of Adductor pollicis
|
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
|
|
Innervation of Brachioradialis
|
Radial Nerve
|
|
Innervation of EIP
|
Posterior Interosseous Nerve
|
|
Innervation of Palmaris Brevis
|
Superfical branch of Ulnar nerve
|
|
Innervation of of Abductor Pollicis Brevis
|
Median Nerve
|
|
Innervation of Pronator Quadratus
|
Anterior Interosseous nerve
|
|
Fingernails grow are rate per month?
|
2-3 mm per month
|
|
During normal flexing into a fist, the digits converge and point to what structure?
|
Scaphoid
|
|
What structures gives the glenoid a deeper cavity?
|
Labrum: fibrocartilaginous rim that is attached around the margin of the glenoid process
|
|
Which pole of the scaphoid has a good blood supply?
|
Distal pole has a rich blood supply and heal quickly.
Proximal pole has poor vascularity and can result is avascular necrosis or non union |
|
What artery supplies the scaphoid through ligamentous attachements?
|
Radial Artery
|
|
Which muscles line the medial and lateral borders of the cubital fossa?
|
Brachioradialis: Lateral
Pronator Teres: Medial |
|
Borders of the Quadrangular space
|
Teres minor superiorly
Teres Major Inferiorly Humerus Laterally Tricpes Medially |
|
Which nerve and artery pass through the Quadrangular space?
|
Axillary Nerve
Postierior circumflex artery |
|
What artery passes over the floor of the "snuffbox"?
|
Radial Artery
|
|
Which three veins make the M shape?
|
Cephalic vein: Lateral (radial)
Basilic Vein: Medial (ulnar) to form the Median Cubital Vein at the elbow |
|
Adventitious sound heard on auscultation and of venous or arterial origin
|
Bruit
|
|
Abnormal tremor that accompanies a vascular or cardiac murmur felt on palpation
|
Thrill
|
|
Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel, usually an artery
|
Aneurysm
|
|
Benign tumor of dilated blood vessels
|
Hemangioma
|
|
Sensitive noninvasive technique for determining blood flow
|
Doppler Echocardiography
|
|
What is Space of Poirier?
|
Weakness from the absence of the volar lunocapitate ligament
|
|
Primary source of blood supply to the thumb
|
Deep branch of Radial Artery
|
|
Signs of Arterial insufficiency
|
Pallor (lack of color)
Decreased Temp Increased pain Slow caplillary refill Loss of pulse |
|
Signs of Venous insufficiency
|
Cyanosis (bluish discoloration)
Abnormal Capillary refill |
|
What position is beneficial for venous stasis?
|
Slight elevation
|
|
What position is helpful for arterial system managment?
|
Slight lowering below heart level or at heart level.
Excessive elevation above heart level can stress the arterial system |
|
What is lacertus fibrosus?
|
Another name for bicipital aponeurosis
Fibrous band that originates from tendon of biceps brachii |
|
Lacertus fibrosus is tightened in what forearm position?
|
Pronation
|
|
Forearm pronation with elbow flexion may contribute to compression of what nerve?
|
Median nerve at the lacertus fibrosus
|
|
Injury to the joint with ligamentous damage
|
Sprain
|
|
Injury to the muscle or musculotendinous unit
|
Strain
|
|
A fibrous membrane that covers, supports, and separates muscles
|
Fascia
|
|
Type of tissue composed of contractile fibers
|
Muscle
|
|
Dry, pink patches of skin that are itchy and burn
|
Erythematous
|
|
Muscles that originate from common flexor origin of medial epi?
|
Pronator teres, FCR, FDS, Palmaris Longus, FCU
|
|
Does Pronator quadratus originate from the distal ulna
|
Yes
|
|
What two veins form the Axillary Vein?
|
Basilic vein joins the Brachial Vein at the lower border of teres major
|
|
What is the Axillary Vein call at the first rib?
|
Subclavian Vein
|
|
Most important thumb pulley?
|
Oblique pulley
IP Joint motion will decrease if damaged |
|
Brachioradialis, ECRB and EDC are all innervated by what nerve?
|
PIN (Posterior Interosseous nerve)
|
|
What tendon takes a 45 degree angle Lister's Tubercle?
|
EPL
It may rupture after DRF or with RA |
|
Lister's Tubercle is located on what bone?
|
Distal Radius
|
|
What ligament can be palpated approx 1 cm directly distal to Lister's tubercle?
|
SL ligament
|
|
What structure articulates with the radial head?
|
Capitulum
|
|
What muscles make the Wad of Henry?
|
Brachioradialis, ECRB, ECRL
Can assess when forearm and wrist in neutral |
|
Is the supinator in the moble wad of Henry?
|
No
|
|
Another name for the coronal plane
|
Frontal Plane
|
|
Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior
|
Transverse plane
|
|
Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?
|
Sagittal plane
|
|
Which plane divides the bod into front and back portions?
|
Frontal Plane
|
|
Another term for Landsmeer's Ligament?
|
Oblique retinacular ligament
|
|
ORL is taught in DIP flex or ext?
|
Flexion
|
|
What forms fingerprints?
|
Papillary ridges
|
|
White convex at the base of the nail
|
Lunula
|
|
What is the structure under the nailbed?
|
Hyponychium
|
|
Embryonic structure from which the nail develops?
|
Eponychium
|
|
Acute or chronic infection around the nail is called what?
|
Paronychia
|
|
Allen's test is considered abnormal when latency is slower than what?
|
7 seconds
|
|
Vascular disease that is pain with exertion that is alleviated by rest
|
Obstructive arterial problem
|
|
Vascular disease that presents with mild paresthesias and marked pallor
|
Vasospasm
|
|
Vascular disease that presents with severe pain with sudden onset
|
Sudden Arterial Occulusion
|
|
Vascular disease that present with pain at rest
|
Severe arterial insuffieciency
|
|
Palmaris longus is absent in what percent of the population
|
13-20%
|
|
A flexion contracture of the involved digits and decreased amount of flexion force in the adjacent digits
|
Quadrigia Phenomemon
Can occur if FDP is advanced more than 1 cm during repair |
|
What's in the Guyon's Canal?
|
Ulnar artery
Ulnar Nerve |
|
What are the borders of Guyon's canal?
|
Hook of hamate, pisiform
|
|
What sturcutres form the "snuffbox"?
|
scaphoid at the base
APL & EPB define radial border EPL ulnar border |
|
What structures are in the carpal tunnel?
|
Ten structures: 4 FDP, 4 FDS, Median nerve, FPL
|
|
What are the borders of the carpal tunnel?
|
Pisiform, Scaphoid tubercle, hook of Hamate, Trapezium
|
|
Is palmaris longus in the carpal tunnel?
|
NO, lies superficial
|
|
What is Linburg's sign?
|
Anatomic interconnection of FPL and FDP of index finger. Present in 31% of populuation
|
|
What are signs of Linburg's syndrome?
|
Interconnection leads to pain. Discomfort located over radialpalmer aspect of distal forearm and thumb
|
|
Linberg's syndrome is often present with what condition?
|
Carpal Tunnel syndrome
|
|
Check Rein ligaments cause what?
|
PIP Joint contractures
|
|
How do you assess for Linberg's sign?
|
Have patient actively flex the thumb IP joint. Look for involuntar motion at the index finger DIP
|
|
Swallowtails that become hypertrophied and shortened
|
Check rein ligaments. Swallowtails are extensions of the volar plate
|
|
1st DC
|
APL
EPB |
|
2nd DC
|
ECRB
ECRL |
|
What is the strongest wrist extensor?
|
ECRB: strongest and most efficient
|
|
Wrist extensor that is best for endurance?
|
ECRL:
|
|
Which wrist extensor is more efficient with arm supinated?
|
ECU
|
|
Lateral epi usually involves withs muscle?
|
ECRB
|
|
Which pulley is most affected in trigger finger?
|
A1 pulley
|
|
Transvers carpal ligament attaches to ......?
|
Scaphoid, Trapezium, pisiform, Hook of hamate
|
|
Pain, parasthesia, paralysis, pulselessness are symptoms of ?
|
Acute Compartment syndrome
|
|
Martin-Gruber anastomosis is present in .......% population?
|
15-20%
|
|
Anastomosis between median and ulnar nerve at forearm?
|
Martin-Gruber
|
|
Main stabilizer of the elbow
|
Medial (ulnar) collateral ligament (UCL)
|
|
Does damage to the elbow UCL require surgery?
|
Yes, usually does
|
|
Most important pulleys of the flexor tendons?
|
A2 & A4
|
|
Odd numbers of pulleys correlate with?
|
Finger joints:
MP=A1 PIP=A3 DIP=A5 |
|
Psychological condition that results in self infliction of harm to prolong illness
|
Secretan's Syndrome (Wallbangers's Disease)
|
|
Major arterial supply to the forearm and hand
|
Brachial Artery: It dives below the lacterus fibrosis and splits into radial and ulnar artery
|
|
Graysons ligaments runs ...... to the flexor sheath
|
volar
|
|
Cleland's ligament run ..... to the neurovascular bundle
|
Dorsal
|
|
Prevents rotary movement of skin around the fingers
|
Grayson's and Cleland's ligaments
|
|
Main artery to the supply the hand
|
Ulnar
Supplies 60% |
|
Artery that supplies superfical palmer arch
|
Ulnar
|
|
Artery that supplies deep Palmer arch to hand
|
Radial Artery
|
|
Innervation of Adductor pollicis
|
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
|
|
Innervation of Brachioradialis
|
Radial Nerve
|
|
Innervation of EIP
|
Posterior Interosseous Nerve
|
|
Innervation of Palmaris Brevis
|
Superfical branch of Ulnar nerve
|
|
Innervation of of Abductor Pollicis Brevis
|
Median Nerve
|
|
Innervation of Pronator Quadratus
|
Anterior Interosseous nerve
|
|
Fingernails grow are rate per month?
|
2-3 mm per month
|
|
During normal flexing into a fist, the digits converge and point to what structure?
|
Scaphoid
|
|
What structures gives the glenoid a deeper cavity?
|
Labrum: fibrocartilaginous rim that is attached around the margin of the glenoid process
|
|
Which pole of the scaphoid has a good blood supply?
|
Distal pole has a rich blood supply and heal quickly.
Proximal pole has poor vascularity and can result is avascular necrosis or non union |
|
What artery supplies the scaphoid through ligamentous attachements?
|
Radial Artery
|
|
Which muscles line the medial and lateral borders of the cubital fossa?
|
Brachioradialis: Lateral
Pronator Teres: Medial |
|
Borders of the Quadrangular space
|
Teres minor superiorly
Teres Major Inferiorly Humerus Laterally Tricpes Medially |
|
Which nerve and artery pass through the Quadrangular space?
|
Axillary Nerve
Postierior circumflex artery |
|
What artery passes over the floor of the "snuffbox"?
|
Radial Artery
|
|
Which three veins make the M shape?
|
Cephalic vein: Lateral (radial)
Basilic Vein: Medial (ulnar) to form the Median Cubital Vein at the elbow |
|
Adventitious sound heard on auscultation and of venous or arterial origin
|
Bruit
|
|
Abnormal tremor that accompanies a vascular or cardiac murmur felt on palpation
|
Thrill
|
|
Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel, usually an artery
|
Aneurysm
|
|
Benign tumor of dilated blood vessels
|
Hemangioma
|
|
Sensitive noninvasive technique for determining blood flow
|
Doppler Echocardiography
|
|
What is Space of Poirier?
|
Weakness from the absence of the volar lunocapitate ligament
|
|
Primary source of blood supply to the thumb
|
Deep branch of Radial Artery
|
|
Signs of Arterial insufficiency
|
Pallor (lack of color)
Decreased Temp Increased pain Slow caplillary refill Loss of pulse |
|
Signs of Venous insufficiency
|
Cyanosis (bluish discoloration)
Abnormal Capillary refill |
|
What position is beneficial for venous stasis?
|
Slight elevation
|
|
What position is helpful for arterial system managment?
|
Slight lowering below heart level or at heart level.
Excessive elevation above heart level can stress the arterial system |
|
What is lacertus fibrosus?
|
Another name for bicipital aponeurosis
Fibrous band that originates from tendon of biceps brachii |
|
Lacertus fibrosus is tightened in what forearm position?
|
Pronation
|
|
Forearm pronation with elbow flexion may contribute to compression of what nerve?
|
Median nerve at the lacertus fibrosus
|
|
Injury to the joint with ligamentous damage
|
Sprain
|
|
Injury to the muscle or musculotendinous unit
|
Strain
|
|
A fibrous membrane that covers, supports, and separates muscles
|
Fascia
|
|
Type of tissue composed of contractile fibers
|
Muscle
|
|
Dry, pink patches of skin that are itchy and burn
|
Erythematous
|
|
Muscles that originate from common flexor origin of medial epi?
|
Pronator teres, FCR, FDS, Palmaris Longus, FCU
|
|
Does Pronator quadratus originate from the distal ulna
|
Yes
|
|
What two veins form the Axillary Vein?
|
Basilic vein joins the Brachial Vein at the lower border of teres major
|
|
What is the Axillary Vein call at the first rib?
|
Subclavian Vein
|
|
Most important thumb pulley?
|
Oblique pulley
IP Joint motion will decrease if damaged |
|
Brachioradialis, ECRB and EDC are all innervated by what nerve?
|
PIN (Posterior Interosseous nerve)
|
|
What tendon takes a 45 degree angle Lister's Tubercle?
|
EPL
It may rupture after DRF or with RA |
|
Lister's Tubercle is located on what bone?
|
Distal Radius
|
|
What ligament can be palpated approx 1 cm directly distal to Lister's tubercle?
|
SL ligament
|
|
What structure articulates with the radial head?
|
Capitulum
|
|
What muscles make the Wad of Henry?
|
Brachioradialis, ECRB, ECRL
Can assess when forearm and wrist in neutral |
|
Is the supinator in the moble wad of Henry?
|
No
|
|
Another name for the coronal plane
|
Frontal Plane
|
|
Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior
|
Transverse plane
|
|
Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?
|
Sagittal plane
|
|
Which plane divides the bod into front and back portions?
|
Frontal Plane
|
|
Another term for Landsmeer's Ligament?
|
Oblique retinacular ligament
|
|
ORL is taught in DIP flex or ext?
|
Flexion
|
|
What forms fingerprints?
|
Papillary ridges
|
|
White convex at the base of the nail
|
Lunula
|
|
What is the structure under the nailbed?
|
Hyponychium
|
|
Embryonic structure from which the nail develops?
|
Eponychium
|
|
Acute or chronic infection around the nail is called what?
|
Paronychia
|
|
Allen's test is considered abnormal when latency is slower than what?
|
7 seconds
|
|
Vascular disease that is pain with exertion that is alleviated by rest
|
Obstructive arterial problem
|
|
Vascular disease that presents with mild paresthesias and marked pallor
|
Vasospasm
|
|
Vascular disease that presents with severe pain with sudden onset
|
Sudden Arterial Occulusion
|
|
Vascular disease that present with pain at rest
|
Severe arterial insuffieciency
|
|
Palmaris longus is absent in what percent of the population
|
13-20%
|