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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Serum
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plasma without clotting factors
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What are the 3 components of plasma?
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proteins, waste products
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What are the 3 proteins that comprise plasma?
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albumin, globulins, fibrinogen
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Where is albumin made and what type of a molecule is it?
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liver; carrier molecule
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What are the other 2 major functions of albumin?
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maintains oncotic pressure; regulates solute and water transfer to tissue
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What does a carrier molecule do?
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substances bind to it and are transported in the body
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Which protein is part of the clotting cascade?
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fibrinogen
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What are the 4 waste products found in plasma?
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urea, creatinine, uric acid, bilirubin
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What is a byproduct of energy metabolism?
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creatinine
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What is a byproduct of Hb metabolism?
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bilirubin
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What are the 2 lymphoid organs?
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lymph nodes, spleen
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Which lymphoid organ is the site of immune cell activation (especially for bloodborne pathogens)?
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spleen
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What are the 2 functions of the spleen?
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cleans and filters blood by removing damaged RBC macrophages; blood reservoir
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What are the 3 purposes of lymph nodes?
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1. sites for fluid drained from tissues
2. immune cell activation for Ags that come from tissues 3. site where macrophages can clean and filter lymph |
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What type of cells are in the mononuclear phagocyte system and what are some examples?
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macrophage-like cells present in various tissues; Kupffer cells, osteoclasts, alveolar macrophages
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What is hematopoiesis?
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the formation of blood cells
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What is the main site of hematopoiesis?
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bone marrow
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What is another name for the hematopoietic stem cell?
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pluripotent stem cell
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When hematopoiesis occurs outside of the bone marrow what is it called? What can it indicate?
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extra medullary hematopoiesis; some type of disease
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What is the formation of RBCs called?
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erythropoiesis
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What is the name of the cells in the final development stage of erythropoiesis?
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reticulocytes
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What hormone drives RBC generation? Where is it formed?
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EPO (Erythropoietin); kidney
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What is thrombopoiesis?
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formation of platelets
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What cell type do platelets branch off of?
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megakaryocytes
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The hormone that is associated with platelet formation is called what? Where is it made?
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thrombopoietin; liver &kidneys
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What is the “arrest of bleeding” called?
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hemostasis
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What is the mechanism that takes place after hemostasis is initiated?
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platelets and clotting cascade are activated
prothrombin (coagulation factor II) becomes thrombin thrombin forms fibrin from fibrinogen fibrin threads mesh with RBCs and platelets |
