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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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taxonomy? |
branch of biology concerned with indentifying naming and classifying organisms |
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who developed binomial naming system? |
Carolus Linnaeus. |
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What does the Binomial system consist of? |
2 names. 1st part = genus. 2nd part = specific epithet
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rules for writing/assigning names? |
scientific name consists of 2 parts. the species name is italicized or underlined. Genus is capitalized. Specific epithet isn't capitalized. |
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Why are scientific names latinized? |
bc it's a 2 part name. Organisms used to be described using long latin descriptions. |
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Ernest Mayr's definition of species can't be used for? |
a sexual organisms. |
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Phylogeny? |
evolutionary history of a group of organisms. |
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Systematics? |
field of bio dedicated to understanding the evolutionary history of life on Earth. |
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Phylogenic Tree? |
indicated common ancestors and lines of descent or lineage. |
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What is used to build a phylogenic tree? |
common ancestors. |
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Ancestral Character? |
different lineages diverging from a common ancestor. |
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Parallel Evolution? |
evolution of similar characteristics in different groups of organisms. |
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Purpose of a molecular clock? |
to construct a timeline about evolutionary history. |
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Which kingdom is categorized by organisms that are heterotrophic by ingestion? |
Bacteria. |
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Homology? |
come from same ancestor. |
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Analogy? |
similarity to due convergence. |
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Vestigial structure? |
no longer serving an important function in an organism. |
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Comparative Molecular Data? |
speciate occurs when mutations bring about changes in base pair sequences of DNA. helps trace course of macroevolution & fill gaps in fossil record. |
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What are the 5 kingdoms categorized by? |
Monera, Protista, fungi, plantae, animalia. |
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What are the 3 domains? |
Fungi, Bacteria, Animalia. |
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Analogous structures? |
same function, different structure. not derived from same organ in common ancestor. |
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Ancestral Characteristic? |
traits shared by ancestor & the species in its line of descent. |
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Cladestic Systematics? |
Willi Hennig; analyze primitive & derived characters & constructs cladograms. |
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Convergent Evolution? |
is acquisition of similar traits in distantly related lines of descent as a result of adaption to similar environment conditions; may make it difficult to distinguish homologous from analogous. |
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Derived Character? |
present only in a specific line of descent. |
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Homologous structure? |
SAME STRUCTURE, DIFFERENT FUNCTION. related through common descent. |
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Homology? |
comes from same ancestor. |
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Taxon? |
general name for a group containing an organism or a group of organisms that exhibit a set of shared traits. |
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Traditional Systematics? |
mainly anatomical data to classify organisms & construct phylogenic trees. |
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Species? |
most basic unit/category or biological classification. largest group of organisms capable of interbreeding. |
