Ch 18 The Endocrine System

Front 1

Adrenal cortex

Back 1

Secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones

Front 2

Adrenal medulla

Back 2

Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

Front 3

Ovaries

Back 3

Responsible for egg production and estrogen and progesterone secretion

Front 4

Pancreas

Back 4

Located behind the stomach. Islet cells secrete hormones from the pancreas. The pancreas also contain cells that are exorcrine in function. They secrete enzymes via duct into the small intestine to aid digestion

Front 5

Parathyroid glands

Back 5

Four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland

Front 6

Pituitary gland

Back 6

Located at the base of the brain in the Sella turcica. Composed of an anterior lobe and a posterior lobe

Front 7

Testes

Back 7

Two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male. Responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion

Front 8

Thyroid gland

Back 8

Located in the neck on either side of the trachea. Secretes thyroxine, triiodothyronnie, and calcitonin

Front 9

Adrenaline (epinephrine)

Back 9

Secreted by the adrenal medulla. Increases heart rate and blood pressure

Front 10

Adrencorticotrophic hormone

Back 10

Secretes by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Stimulates the adrenal cortex

Front 11

Aldosterone

Back 11

Secreted by the adrenal cortex. Increases salt reabsorption

Front 12

Androgen

Back 12

Male hormone secreted by the testes and to a lesser extent the adrenal cortex.

Front 13

Antidiuretic hormone

Back 13

Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Increases reabsorption of water by the kidney

Front 14

Calcitonin

Back 14

Secreted by the thyroid gland. Decreases blood calcium levels

Front 15

Cortisol

Back 15

Secreted by the adrenal cortex. Increases blood sugar. Is secreted in tines of stress and has anti inflammatory effect

Front 16

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

Back 16

Secreted by the adrenal medulla. Increases heart rate and blood pressure and dilates airways

Front 17

Estradiol

Back 17

Estrogen secreted by the ovaries

Front 18

Estrogen

Back 18

Female hormone secreted by the ovaries and to a lesser extent the adrenal cortex

Front 19

Follicle stimulating hormone

Back 19

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Stimulates hormone secretion and sperm and egg production

Front 20

Glucagon

Back 20

Secreted by alpha islet cells of the pancreas. Increases blood sugar by conversion of glycogen to glucose

Front 21

Growth hormone; somatotropin

Back 21

Secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Stimulates growth of bones and soft tissue

Front 22

Insulin

Back 22

Secreted by beta islet cells of the pancreas. Insulin helps glucose pass into cells and promoted the conversion of glucose to glycogen

Front 23

Luteinizing hormone

Back 23

Secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Stimulates ovulation in female and testosterone in males

Front 24

Norepinephrine

Back 24

Secreted by adrenal medulla. Increases blood pressure and heart rate

Front 25

Oxytocin

Back 25

Secreted by posterior lobe of pituitary gland. Stimulates contraction of uterus during labor and childbirth

Front 26

Parathormone

Back 26

Secreted by the parathyroid glands. Increases blood calcium

Front 27

Progesterone

Back 27

Secreted by the ovaries. Prepares uterus for pregnancy

Front 28

Prolactin

Back 28

Secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Promotes milk secretion

Front 29

Somatotropin

Back 29

Secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Growth hormone

Front 30

Testosterone

Back 30

Male hormone secreted by testes

Front 31

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Back 31

Secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Acts on thyroid gland to promote it's functioning

Front 32

Thyroxine

Back 32

Secreted by thyroid gland. Increases metabolism in cells

Front 33

Triiodothyronnie

Back 33

Secreted by thyroid gland. Increases metabolism in cells

Front 34

Vasopressin

Back 34

Secreted by posterior lobe of pituitary gland. Antidiuretic hormone. Increases water reabsorption and raises blood pressure

Front 35

Catecholamines

Back 35

Hormone derived from and amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla

Front 36

Corticosteroids

Back 36

Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex

Front 37

Electrolyte

Back 37

Mineral salt found in blood and tissues and necessary for proper functioning cells

Front 38

Glucocorticoid

Back 38

Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. Regulates glucose, fat and protien metabolism

Front 39

Homeostasis

Back 39

Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment

Front 40

Hormone

Back 40

Substance secreted by an endocrine gland, that travels through the blood to a distant organ or gland where it influences the structure or function of that organ or gland

Front 41

Mineralocorticoid

Back 41

Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex to regulate mineral salts and water balance in the body

Front 42

Receptor

Back 42

Cellular or nuclear protien that binds to a hormone so that a response can be elicited

Front 43

Sella turcica

Back 43

Cavity in the skull that contains the pituitary gland

Front 44

Sex hormones

Back 44

Steroids produced by the adrenal cortex to influence male and female sexual characteristics

Front 45

Steroid

Back 45

Complex substance related to fats and of which many hormones are made

Front 46

Sympathomimetric

Back 46

Pt mimicking the effect of the sympathetic nervous system.

Front 47

Target tissue

Back 47

Cells of any organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones

Front 48

Aden/o

Back 48

Gland

Front 49

Adrenal/o

Back 49

Adrenal gland

Front 50

Gonad/o

Back 50

Sex glands

Front 51

Pancreat/o

Back 51

Pancreas

Front 52

Parathyroid/o

Back 52

Parathyroid gland

Front 53

Pituitar/o

Back 53

Pituitary gland

Front 54

Thyr/o, thyroid/o

Back 54

Thyroid gland

Front 55

Andr/o

Back 55

Male

Front 56

Calc/o, calci/o

Back 56

Calcium

Front 57

Cortic/o

Back 57

Cortex

Front 58

Crin/o

Back 58

Secrete

Front 59

Dips/o

Back 59

Thirst

Front 60

Estr/o

Back 60

Female

Front 61

Gluc/o

Back 61

Sugar

Front 62

Glyc/o

Back 62

Sugar

Front 63

Home/o

Back 63

Sameness

Front 64

Hormon/o

Back 64

Hormone

Front 65

Kal/i

Back 65

Potassium

Front 66

Lact/o

Back 66

Milk

Front 67

Myx/o

Back 67

Mucus

Front 68

Natr/o

Back 68

Sodium

Front 69

Phys/o

Back 69

Growing

Front 70

Somat/o

Back 70

Body

Front 71

Ster/o

Back 71

Solid structure

Front 72

Toc/o

Back 72

Childbirth

Front 73

Toxic/o

Back 73

Toxic

Front 74

Ur/o

Back 74

Urine

Front 75

-agon

Back 75

Assemble, gather

Front 76

-emia

Back 76

Blood condition

Front 77

-in, -ine

Back 77

Substance

Front 78

-tropin

Back 78

Stimulating the function of

Front 79

-uria

Back 79

Urine condition

Front 80

Eu-

Back 80

Good normal

Front 81

Hyper-

Back 81

Excessive, above

Front 82

Hypo-

Back 82

Deficient, below

Front 83

Oxy-

Back 83

Rapid, sharp, acid

Front 84

Pan-

Back 84

All

Front 85

Poly-

Back 85

Many or increased

Front 86

Tetra-

Back 86

Four

Front 87

Tri-

Back 87

Three