Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the usual age of onset for schizophrenia?
|
Between late teens and early thirties
|
|
|
Are men or women more likely to develop late onset schizophrenia?
|
Women -- generally over the age of 45
|
|
|
What are the biologic theories of the etiology of schizophrenia
|
-Inherit predisposition
-Brain anatomy changes that involve decreased blood flow to the brain, thinner cortex, decreased brain matter and widened sulci -Positive symptoms may be caused by dopamine hyperactivity in the mesolimbic tract |
|
|
What are the psychological theories of the etiology of schizophrenia?
|
Obsolete
|
|
|
What are the social theories of the etiology of schizophrenia?
|
Family emotional tone may aggravate the condition, but won't cause it
|
|
|
What are comorbidities of schizophrenia?
|
-Increased risk of medical problems including cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes
-Depression and suicide -Substance abuse -Cigarette smoking |
|
|
What is the DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophrenia?
|
During a one-month period at least 2 of 5 of the following are present:
-Delusions -Hallucinations -Disorganized speech -Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior -Negative symptoms (alogia, anhedonia, flat affect, avolition, apathy) Note: only one symptom need be present if the delusion or hallucination involves a running commentary |
|
|
What are examples of positive symptoms or schizophrenia?
|
Hallucinations
Delusions Thought Disorder |
|
|
What are 7 types of delusions?
|
1. Persecutory
2. Reference 3. Grandiose 4. Nihilistic 5. Somatic 6. Religious 7. Substitution (belief that an individual is someone else) |
|
|
What are 5 examples of disorganized speech?
|
1. Loose associations
2. Word salad 3. Clang Associations 4. Echolalia 5. Perseveration |
|
|
What are 5 examples of disorganized or catatonic behavior?
|
1. Catatonic excitement (extreme motor agitation)
2. Waxy flexibilty (maintains rigid position, but moveable) 3. Catatonic posturing 4. Catatonic stupor (seemingly unaware of surroundings 5. Echopraxia |
|
|
What are 5 examples of negative symptoms?
|
1. Affective blunting
2. Anhedonia 3. Avolition (inability to pursue and persist in goal-directed behavior or activities 4. Alogia (also called poverty of speech) 5. Apathy |
|
|
What are the phases in the course of schizophrenia?
|
Acute phase
Stabilization phase Maintenance Phase |
|
|
What are factors of recurrent acute exacerbations of psychosis?
|
-Relapse (irreversible) prevention vs. medication side effects (reversible)
-Residual dysfunction (baseline increases over time even after relapse) -Pattern of illness: the course of illness over the first three years is indicative for the lifetime -Vulnerability to stress |
|
|
What are 5 types of schizophrenia?
|
1. Paranoid
2. Disorganized 3. Catatonic 4. Undifferentiated 5. Residual |
|
|
What is a sign of catatonic schizophrenia?
|
Echolalia
|
|
|
What is residual schizophrenia?
|
One documented episode but no prominent positive symptoms
|
|
|
What is Schizophreniform Disorder?
|
-Criteria A, D, and E for schizophrenia
-Episode lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 month -Usually no impairment in social or occupational functioning -May be prodromal to schizophrenia -Has a 1/3 recovery rate |
|
|
What is Schizoaffective Disorder?
|
Uninterrupted period of illness during which there is a major depressive, manic, or mixed episode concurrent with two Criterion A symptoms for schizophrenia.
-Risk for suicide -Less common than schizophrenia -More common in women, but develped later |
|
|
What is Delusional Disorder?
|
Stable, well systemized and logical, nonbizarre delusions that occur in the absence of other psychiatric disorders for at least 1 month. Patients function well in areas not related to delusion. It's uncommon.
|
|
|
When is the typical onset for Delusional Disorder?
|
Middle and late adulthood
|
|
|
What are 6 types of delusional disorder?
|
1. Erotomanic
2. Jealous 3. Unspecified 4. Grandiose 5. Somatic 6. Persecutory |
|
|
What is a brief psychotic disorder?
|
One of more Criterion A symptoms for schizophrenia present for at least 1 day but less than 1 month. Patients return to the prior level of functioning. Episode may be due to stressful event. This disorder is rare and seldom seen.
|
|
|
What are some pharmacologic interventions for schizophrenia?
|
Serotonin-dopamine antagonists: block dopamine and serotonin receptors. They are newer and have less extrapyramidal side effects.
|
|
|
What are examples of pharmacologic interventions that are effective for negative symptoms?
|
Risperidone
Seroquel Clozapine (2nd line of defense) |
