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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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James B Duke
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Tobacco Industry, 90% of the market in Am., Duke University, cigarette rolling machine, American Tobacco Co.
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Ida B Wells
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Journalist, Anti-Lynching campaign, female, black, South to Chicago to London. Got publicity in London
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Benjamin “Pap” Singleton
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organized the Exodusters movement, former slave
Homer Plessy- Purposely broke the law to fight the Jim Crow Law saying Railroad cars should be segregated. Case was Plessy v Ferguson of 1896 |
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Thomas Nelson Page
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Marse Chan, Sentimental novel, written in “authentic” slave dialect, glorified slavery
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W.E.B. Dubois
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NAACP, The Souls of Black Folks, Criticized Washington, no compromise, no conciliation, full civil rights for African Americans
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Booker T Washington
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Tuskegee Institute, Atlanta Exposition, “Cast down your buckets where you are,” conciliation and compromise, former slave
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Textile
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clothes/cloth, only white workers, company towns, wage of whiteness, racial superiority
Capital- money, North supplied the South with money |
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Sharecropping
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Plantation owners let former slaves live off their land, owner would get a portion of the profits as rent
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Crop Lien
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lien means mortgage, sells crops to payback loans, otherwise land gets repoed.
1 Crop Specialization- Grow one kind of crop because it was in high demand, Supply increase + same demand = lower prices, hurt farmers and sharecroppers |
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Jim Crow Laws
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laws passed to segregate the races, mandated racial segregation in all public places
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Wage of Whiteness
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term/philosophy used to separate poor whites from blacks, textile industry
Exodusters- blacks internal migrating from south to Kansas |
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“Lost Cause”/”Good Old Days”
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Southerners referring to the good days prior to the Civil War when they had slaves
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Colonial Relationship
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represents the North’s relationship to the South, the North acts as the motherland and the South as the colony
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Disenfranchise
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to take away someone’s right to vote, happened to black voters through literacy tests and poll taxes
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Poll Tax
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a tax you had to pay in order to vote, used to reduce the amount of black voters
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Grandfather Clause
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Also known as the “understanding clause” if your grandfather could vote so could you, used to allow poor and illiterate whites to vote
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Literacy Test
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crooked reading tests that they would make blacks take in order to vote, used to reduce the number of black voters
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Lynching
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killing by extrajudicial mob action response to growing African American middle class
Williams v Mississippi- supreme court case, ruled that voting requirements were legal because they weren’t inherently (explicitly) discriminatory |
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Plessy v Ferguson
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supreme court case challenging the Louisiana Jim Crow Law segregating railroad cars. Ruled “separate but equal” was constitutional, 1896
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Sentimental Novels
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Popular fiction of the time, Moral lessons learned, popular with women and northerners, romanticized slavery
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Atlanta Compromise
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1895,Southern blacks would work for and submit to white political rule, Southern whites guaranteed that blacks would receive basic education and due process in law.
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UDC
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United Daughters of the Confederation, “Lost Cause,” Opened only to the first families of the South
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NAACP
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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Dubois, stressed advanced education and civil rights
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Company Towns
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a town owned entirely or majoritively by a company within it, company comes first then the town builds around it
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“Cast down your buckets where you are”
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Washington said it at the Atlanta Exposition, Blacks heard hire African Americans, whites heard segregation is okay
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Racial Superiority/ White Supremacy
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the idea and practice that whites are better than blacks, brought about segregation, textile industry, wage of whiteness
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AME
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African Methodist Episcopal Church, believed in education, self improvement, and being the best you can be, freedom of religion->lots of Africans joined the AME
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NACW
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National Association for Colored Women, social organization/ women’s club, stressed the importance of education and did community service
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The Soul of Black Folks
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Dubois’ book, contained essays criticizing Washington for conciliation and compromise
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Internal Migration
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Moving within the same larger location, ex: exodusters move, but still within the US
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Segregation
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separation, separation of the races
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Conciliation
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get support through pleasing acts, Washington did it, Dubois criticized it
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Vocational
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learning for a specific career or job, ex: plumbing (think Blue Cliff College)
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Separate but Equal
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the ruling of Plessy v Ferguson, as long as facilities are equal separating the races is constitutional
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Extrajudicial
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outside of the law, ex: lynchings
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Rutherford B Hayes
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19th President, Republican, 1876-1880, Not re-elected
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James Garfield
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20th President, Republican, 1880, assassinated by Charles Guiteau, Halfbreed
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Chester Arthur
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21st President, 1881-1885, Garfield’s Vice President, Stalwart, Took a Mugwump POV on civil service reform, not re-elected
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Grover Cleveland
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22nd & 24th President, 1884-1888 and 1892-1896, Democrat, only president to be re-elected non-consecutively
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Benjamin Harrison
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23rd President, 1888-1892, Not re-elected, Republican
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Roscoe Conkling
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Senator, Republican Party Boss, Wasn’t re-elected after Garfield’s assassination, suspected for being involved
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Charles Guiteau
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assassinated Garfield, wanted a government job, they wouldn’t give him one, was banned from White House, hanged after assassination, considered himself a martyr
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Frederick Jackson Turner
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The Turner Thesis-300 years America had a frontier that shaped American character
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Stalemate
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No clear winner, a tie, there was one between democrats and republicans
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Partisanship
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a firm adherence to a party faction, cause, or person especially exhibiting blind allegiance
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Laissez Faire
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hands off or let them be style government, government doesn’t get involved in the citizen’s business
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Domestic
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at home, local, not foreign
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Availability
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free, not busy, someone who is avaliable, necessary to receive a government job
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Ability
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the degree in which someone is capable of doing something, a skill, not necessary to receive a government job
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Swing States
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states that are neither majoritively republican nor democratic, these states hold the power in an election, Iowa, Ohio, New York (think ION)
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“Waved the Bloody Shirt”
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a phrase republicans used meaning “elect me because the democrats started the Civil War”
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“Negro Rule”
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a phrase democrats used meaning “vote for me because it’s the republican’s fault that negroes are in power”
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Solid South
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phrase used to describe the south as being completely democratic
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Civil Service
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government jobs, given out based on who you knew not what you knew
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Spoils System
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the term for the system that gave jobs given based on who you knew not what you knew
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Stalwarts
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did not want civil service reform, were happy with the spoils system
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Mugwumps
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wanted complete civil service reform, did not like the spoils system
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Halfbreeds
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wanted partial civil service reforms
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Political Party Boss
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a person who wields the power over a particular political party
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Impetus
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a necessary push for change or action to take place
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Pendleton Act
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1883, made government jobs based on competitive exam scores, what you knew not who you knew
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Interstate Commerce Act
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designed to regulate railroad monopolies
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Sherman Antitrust Act
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1890, to oppose monopolies/practices that harmed competition
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Frontier
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a line or border separating two places, for America it was separating the East and the West
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Upward Mobility
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the degree to which an individual or group's status is able to change in terms of position in the social hierarchy
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Turner Thesis
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Frederick Jackson Turner’s argument that American democracy was formed by the American Frontier, 1893
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1890 Census
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a census in 1890 that reported that the distribution of the population had resulted in the disappearance of the American frontier
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4 Duties of the Government
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in a Laissez Faire government the government believed their for duties were to 1) Maintain a national military 2)Collect taxes and tariffs 3)Conduct foreign policy and 4)deliver the mail
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5 Problems of Age
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1)Social issues 2)Agricultural problems boom to bust 3)Labor protests 4)serious Economic problems 5)inadequate Money supply (think SALEM)
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Democratic Blocs
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White wealthy Southern farmers, white supremacists, catholics, recent immigrants, urban working poor, most poorer farmers, pro-labor
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Republican Blocs
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Northern whites, African Americans, Protestants, Nativists, anti-immigrant, most of the middle class, Pro-business
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