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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cataract
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clouding of lens, causing decreased vision
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chalazion
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small, hard, cystic mass (granuloma) on eyelid;; formed due to chornic inflammation of sebaceous gland (meibomian gland) along eyelid margin
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diabetic retinopathy
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retinal effects of diabetes mellitus include microaneurysms, hemorrhages, dilation of retinal veins & neovascularization (new BV form in retina)
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edema in diabetic retinopathy
macular edema |
fluid leaks from BV into retina and blurs vision
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exudate in deabetic retinopathy
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fluid leaking from blood
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glaucoma
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increase intraocular pressure results in dmg to retina & optic nerve with vision loss
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hordeolum (stye)
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localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of eyelid sebaceous gland
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macular degenerationi
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progressive dmg to macula of the retina
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nystagmus
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repetitive rhythmic movements to 1 or both eyes
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retinal detachment
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2 layers of retina separate from each other
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photopsia
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person sees bright flashes of light
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floaters
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black spots, usually composed of vitreous clumps that detach from retina in retina detachment
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strabismus
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abnormal deviation of eye
ex; esotropia, exotropia, hypertropipa, hypotropia |
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esotropia
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one eye turns inward; cross eyed
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exotropia
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one eye turns outward; wall-eyed
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hypertropia
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upward deviation of one eye
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hypotropia
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downward deviation of one eye
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ambloyopia
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partial loss of vision/lazy eye
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diplopia
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double vision
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fluoresein angiography
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IV injection of fluoresein (a dye) folled by serial photographs of retina through dilated pupils
dx info about blood flow to retina & detects vascular changes in diabetic/HTN retinopathy & lesions in macular area of retina |
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opthalmoscopy
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visual examination of interior eye
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slit lamp microscopy
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examination of anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification
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tonometry
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intraocular pressure to detect glaucoma
type of slit lamp microscopy |
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visual acuity test
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clarity of vision tested using snellen chart (distance vision test)
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visual field test
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measures area where abjects are seen when eyes are fixed looking straight ahead without moving head
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enucleation
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removal of entire eyeball
tx of tumors or if eye blind & painful |
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keratoplasty
corneal transplant |
surgical repair of cornea
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laser photocoagulation
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intense, precisely focused light beam (argon laser) creates an inflammatory rxn that seals retinal tears & leaking retinal blood vessles
tx of retinal tears, diabetic retinopathy & macular degeneration |
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LASIK
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use of excimer laser to correct errors of refraction (myopia, hyperopia, & astigmatism)
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phacoemulsification
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ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens, which then is aspirated through ultrasonic probe
for cataract removal |
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scleral buckle
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suture of silicone band to the sclera over detached portion of retina
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vitrectomy
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removal of vitreous humor
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AMD
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age related macular degeneration
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HEENT
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head, eyes, ears, nose & throat
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IOL
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intraocular lens
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IOP
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intraocular pressure
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LASIK
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laser in situ keratomileusis
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OD
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right eye
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OS
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left eye
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OS
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left eye
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OU
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both eyes
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PERRLA
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pupils equal, round, reactive to light & accommodation
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POAG
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primary open angle glaucoma
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PRK
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photorefractive keratectomy - laser that beam flattens the cornea to correct myopia
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VA
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visual acuity
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VF
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visual field
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acoustic neuroma
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benign tumor arising from the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve (eigth cranial nerve) in the brain
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choesteatoma
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collection of skin cells & cholesterol in sac within middle ear
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deafness
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loss of the ability to hear;
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nerve deafness (sensorineural hearing loss)
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impairment of cochlea or auditory nerve
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conducive deafness
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impairment of middle ear ossicles & membranes transmitting sound waves into cochlea
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meniere disease
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d/o of the labyrinth of the inner ear; elevated endolymph pressure within the cochlea (cochlear hydrops) and semicircular canals (vestibular hydrops)
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otitis media
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middle ear inflammation
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suppurative otitis media
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bactrial middle ear infection with pus
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serous otitis media
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noninfectious inflammation with accumulation of serous fluid
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octosclerosis
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harding of bony tissue of middle ear
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ankylosis
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stiffening
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prosthesis
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artificial part
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fenestrated
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opened
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tinnitus
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sensation of noises (ringing, buzzing, whistling, booming) in ears
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vertigo
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sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects
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