Ch 17 Endocrine System

Front 1

Hormone

Back 1

Steroidal or amino acid-based molecules released to the blood that act as chemical messengers to regulate specific body functions.

Front 2

Adrenal Gland

Back 2

Hormone-producing glands located superior to the kidneys; each consists of medulla and cortex areas.

Front 3

Testosterone

Back 3

Male sex hormone produced by the testes; during puberty promotes virilization, and is necessary for normal sperm production.

Front 4

Hypothalamus

Back 4

Region of the diencephalon forming the floor of the third ventricle of the brain.

Front 5

Thymus Gland

Back 5

Lymphoid organ and endocrine gland active in immune response; site of maturation of T lymphocytes.

Front 6

Steroid Hormone

Back 6

Synthesized from cholesterol; only gonadal and adrenocortical hormones are steroids.

Front 7

Peptide Hormone

Back 7

Short chains of amino acids,

Front 8

FSH

Back 8

(Follicle-stimulating hormone) Is part of the group of gonadotropins, which regulate the function of the gonads, stimulating gamete (sperm or egg) production.

Front 9

LH

Back 9

(Luteinizing hormone) Within the group of regulating hormones called gonadotropins, which regulate the function of the gonads; LH promotes production of gonadal hormones.

Front 10

Estrogen

Back 10

Hormones that stimulate female secondary sex characteristics; female sex hormones.

Front 11

Pituitary Gland (hypophysis)

Back 11

Neuroendocrine gland located beeath the brain that serves a variety of function including regulation of gonads, thyroid, adrenal cortex, lactation, and water balance.

Front 12

Ovaries

Back 12

Female reproductive organ in which ova (eggs) are produced; female gonad.

Front 13

GH

Back 13

(Growth Hormone) Hormone that stimulates growth in general; produced in the anterior pituitary; also called somatotropin (STH).

Front 14

T4-Thyroxine

Back 14

Iodine-containing hormone secreted by the thyroid gland; accelerates cellular metabolic rate in most body tissues.

Front 15

Glucagon

Back 15

Hormone formed by alpha cells of pancreatic islets; raises the glucose level of blood.

Front 16

Adenohypophysis

Back 16

Anterior pituitary; the glandular part of the pituitary gland.

Front 17

Testes

Back 17

Male primary reproductive organ that produces sperm; male gonad.

Front 18

PRL

Back 18

(Prolactin) Adenohypophyseal hormone that stimulates the breasts to produce milk.

Front 19

ADH

Back 19

(Antidiuretic hormone) Also called vasopressin; hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary; stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb more water, reducing urine volume.

Front 20

Insulin

Back 20

A hormone that enhances the carrier-mediated diffusion of glucose into tissue cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels.

Front 21

Thyroid gland

Back 21

One of the largest of the body's endocrine glands; straddles the anterior trachea.

Front 22

Pancreas

Back 22

Gland located behind the stomach, between the spleen and the duodenum; produces both endocrine and exocrine secretions.

Front 23

TSH

Back 23

(Thyroid-stimulating hormone) Adenohypophyseal hormone that regulates secretion of thyroid hormones.

Front 24

Oxytocin

Back 24

Hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary; stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth and the ejection of milk during nursing.