Ch 16 Sensory, Motor & Integrative Systems

Front 1

What does your brain do?

Back 1

1. Receives sensory Input
2. Processes information
3. Responds to input
4. Stores information (memory)

Front 2

Sensation

Back 2

a conscious or unconscious awareness of external or internal stimuli

Front 3

Perception

Back 3

interpretations of sensations

Front 4

Sensory Modalities:
general senses

Back 4

inclide both somatic and viceral senses, which provide information about conditions within internal organs.

Front 5

Sensory Modalities:
special sense

Back 5

include smell, tase, vision, hearing, equilibrium & balance

Front 6

The Process of Sensation:
a. ________ (change in the environment) capable of initiating a nerve impulse by the nervous system must be present

Back 6

stimulus

Front 7

The process of Sensation:
b. A sensory receptor or sense organ picks up the stimulus and ________ it to a nerve impulse by way of a generator potential

Back 7

transduces

Front 8

The impulse(s) must be _______ along a neural pathway from the receptor or sense organ to the brain.

Back 8

conducted

Front 9

A region of the brain or spinal cord must _________ the impulse into a sensation.

Back 9

translate

Front 10

exteroceptors

Back 10

at or near the body surface

Front 11

interoceptors

Back 11

in blood vessels, visceral organs, & nervous system

Front 12

proprioceptors

Back 12

located in muscles, tendons, and joints

Front 13

mechanoreceptors

Back 13

mechanical pressure (muscles, tendons, joints, inner ear)

Front 14

thermoreceptors

Back 14

temperature

Front 15

proprioceptors

Back 15

light

Front 16

nociceptors = tissue

Back 16

damage

Front 17

photoreceptors =

Back 17

light

Front 18

chemorecptors = chemicals _______, _________

Back 18

taste
smell

Front 19

adaptation = a change in sensitivity (usually a ________) to a ______-lasting sitmulus

Back 19

decrease
long

Front 20

Tactile receptors vary in ______ and are found at different ________ within the skin

Back 20

shape
locations

Front 21

Pressure - in _______ tissues and are _______ lasting and have less variation in intensity than touch sensations

Back 21

deeper
longer

Front 22

pressure = a sustained sensation that is felt over a ______ area than touch

Back 22

larger

Front 23

Vibrations = rapidly _______ sensory signals from tactile receptors

Back 23

repeating

Front 24

Itch = results from the stimulation of _______ nerve endings

Back 24

free

Front 25

Tickle - the only sensation that you _______ elicit on yourself

Back 25

may not

Front 26

__________ pain = the senations of pain in a limb that has been amputated; the brain interprets nerve impulses arising in the remaining ________ portion of the sensory nerves as coming from the non-existent limb.

Back 26

phantom
proximal

Front 27

Seperate thermoreceptors respond to _________ and ______ stimuli

Back 27

cold
warm

Front 28

Pain is a vital sensation becuse it provides us with information about tissue-________ stimuli and with signs that may be used for _________ of disease or injury

Back 28

damaging
pinpointing the cause

Front 29

Pain receptors are located in ______ body tissue

Back 29

nearly every

Front 30

fast pain = ________, _________ to appear & disappear

Back 30

acute
quick

Front 31

slow pain = ________, _________ to appear & disappear, hard to ________

Back 31

chronic
slow
pinpoint

Front 32

Pain is bad when:
1. out of ___________
2. ________ __________
3. ________ __________ _______

Back 32

1. proportion
2. persist chronically (injury)
3. no appearent cause

Front 33

location: superficial somatic pain = .

Back 33

skin

Front 34

location: deep somatic pain = , , & .

Back 34

muscles, joints, tendons, & facia (membrane around muscle)

Front 35

location: visceral pain = _____________

Back 35

visceral organs

Front 36

if stimulation is diffuse (covering a area), the pain may be great ex. a stone obstructing ureter

Back 36

large, kidney

Front 37

referred pain - pain may also be felt in the the visceral organ in pain

Front 38

referred pain - the pain may also be felt in a surface area from the stimulated organ

Front 39

referred pain - why does this occur?

Back 39

Shared neuro pathway.

Front 40

adaptation to pain is .

Back 40

slight to non-existant

Front 41

pain is bad when: 1. out of . 2. 3.

Back 41

1. control 2. chronic due to injury 3. no obvious reason

Front 42

aspirin (+ ibuprofen & Advil)= block the of prostaglandins which normally stimulate pain receptors

Back 42

formation

Front 43

Novocaine = locally block the conduction of nerve impulses along .

Back 43

axions of 1st order neurons

Front 44

morphine (+ other opiate drugs) = affects the brain; pain is sensed but ______________ differently

Back 44

percieved

Front 45

Proprioceptive Sensations: function = convey nerve impulses related to muscle , of body parts, and body .

Back 45

tone, movement, position