Ch 16: Endocrine (Cont)

Front 1

Insulin is synthesizes as part of the larger polypeptide chain called the (1)

Back 1

proinsulin

Front 2

WHat is proinsulin?

Back 2

is the larger polypeptide chain in which insulin syntheszed

Front 3

Circulating insulin lowers blood sugar levels by enhancing membrane transport of glucose into body cells especially (1)

Back 3

muscle and fat cells

Front 4

After glucose enters a target cell, the insulin binding triggers what enzymatic activites? (3)

Back 4

(1)catalyze the oxidation of glucose from ATP production (2)join glucose molecules together to form glycogen (3)convert glucose to fat

Front 5

What does DM stand for?

Back 5

diabtes mellitus

Front 6

What does DM result from?

Back 6

either hyposecretion or hypersecretion of insulin

Front 7

NAME
this will result from either the hyposecretion or hyperserection of insulin

Back 7

DM

Front 8

What happens when insulin levels increase to much (hypersecretion)?

Back 8

the person begins to feel nauseated which precpipiates to fight or flight response

Front 9

What happens when suggars cannot be used a fuel?

Back 9

are turned into fats

Front 10

What is lipidemia?

Back 10

is when there is a high level of fatty acids in the blood bc the body cannot use sugar as fuel

Front 11

NAME
is when there is a high level of fatty acids in the blood bc the body cannot use sugar as fuel

Back 11

lipidemia

Front 12

NAME
these are organic acids

Back 12

ketones

Front 13

What are ketones?

Back 13

are organic acids

Front 14

What is ketoacidosis?

Back 14

is when the ketones begin to spill into the urine

Front 15

NAME
is when ketones begin to spill into the urine

Back 15

ketoacidosis

Front 16

when will ketoacidopsis result?

Back 16

when ketones begin to accumulate in the blood, it causes a pH drops which triggers the ketoacidosis

Front 17

When ketones begin to accumulate in the blood, the pH drops which triggers (1)

Back 17

ketoacidosis

Front 18

How does the nervous system repond to ketoacidosis?

Back 18

by initaiating rapid deep breathing to blow off the carbon dioxide from the blood and increase the blood pH

Front 19

The nervous system responds to (1) by initaiting rapid deep breathing to blow off the carbon dioxide from the blood and increase the blood pH

Back 19

ketoacidosis

Front 20

what are the three cardinal signs of DM? (3)

Back 20

(1)polyuria (2)polydipsia (3)polyphagia

Front 21

Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are the three cardinal signs of (1)

Back 21

DM

Front 22

What is polyuria?

Back 22

is a hudge urine output that leads to decreased blood vol and dehydration

Front 23

NAME
is a hudge urine output that leads to decreased blood vol and dehyrdration

Back 23

polyuria

Front 24

What is polydipsia?

Back 24

refers to excessive thrist

Front 25

NAME
refers to excessive thrist

Back 25

polydipsia

Front 26

What is polyphagia?

Back 26

refers to excessive hunger and food consumption

Front 27

NAME
refers to excessive hunger and food consumption

Back 27

polyhagia

Front 28

What is hypoglycemia?

Back 28

is excessive insulin secretion

Front 29

NAME
refers to excessive insulin secretion

Back 29

hypoglycemia

Front 30

Hypoglycemia triggers the release of hyperglycemic hormones which cause (1)

Back 30

anxiety, nervousness, tremors, and weakness

Front 31

What do the gonads produce?

Back 31

the steriod sex hormones

Front 32

NAME
produce the sterioid sex hormones

Back 32

gonads

Front 33

Where are the ovaries located?

Back 33

in the females abdominopelvic cavity

Front 34

NAME
this femal organ is present in the abdominopelivic cavity

Back 34

ovaries

Front 35

What hormones do the ovaries produce? (2)

Back 35

(1)estrogens (2)progesterone

Front 36

NAME
this organs produce estrogens and progesterone

Back 36

ovaries

Front 37

What are estrogen responsble for?

Back 37

maturation of the reproductive organs and the appearance of the secoundary sex characteristics

Front 38

NAME
this organ is responsible for the female reproductive organs and the appearance of the secoundary sex characeteristics

Back 38

estrogen

Front 39

What do estrogen and progesterone do together?

Back 39

they promote breast development and cyclic changes in the uterine mucosa

Front 40

NAME
this (2) hormones promote breast development and cyclic changes in the uterine mucosa

Back 40

estrogen and progesterone

Front 41

Where is the testes located?

Back 41

in the scrotum

Front 42

NAME
this male organ is located in the scrotum

Back 42

testes

Front 43

What hormone does the testes produce?

Back 43

testosterone

Front 44

NAME
this male organ, produces testosterone

Back 44

testes

Front 45

What does the testisterone do during puberty?

Back 45

(1)initiates the maturation of the male reproductive organs and the appearnce of the secoundary sex charateristics and sex drive

Front 46

NAME
this hormone initiates the maturation of the male reproductive organs and the appearnce of the secoundary sex charateristics and sex drive

Back 46

testosterone

Front 47

What does the pineal gland look like?

Back 47

is tiny and pine cone shaped

Front 48

NAME
is tiny and pine cone shaped

Back 48

pineal gland

Front 49

Where is the pineal gland located?

Back 49

hangs from the roof of the third venricle in the diencephalon

Front 50

NAME
hangs from the roof of the third ventricle in the diecnecephalon

Back 50

pineal gland

Front 51

What is the pineal gland?

Back 51

secretes melatonin

Front 52

NAME
this gland secretes melatonin

Back 52

pineal gland

Front 53

T or F
the endocrine function of the pineal gland is still a mystery

Back 53

true

Front 54

What is melatonin?

Back 54

is an amine hormone derived from serotonin

Front 55

NAME
is an amine horomone derived from serotonin

Back 55

melatonin