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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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system
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object under study
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surroundings
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environment around the system
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dithermal walls
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permit heat flow
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adiabatic walls
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no heat flows (or processes)
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isochoric
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constant volume process
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isobaric
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constant pressure process
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isothermal
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constant temperature process
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Q is postive when
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the system gains
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Q is negative when
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the system loses energy
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Work is positive when
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it is done by the system
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Work is negative when
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when it is done on the system
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First Law of Thermodynamics
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the system remains at equilibrium at all throughout all processes
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Second Law of Thermodynamics
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no device is possible whose sole effect is to transform a given amount of energy completely into work;
Heat can flow spontaneously from a hot object to a cold object; it will not flow spontaneously from a cold object to a hot object |
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Examples of heat engines
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steam engine, internal combustion engine, refrigerators, air conditioners, heat pumps
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The efficiency of a heat engine is the ratio of what
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the work done on the heat engine
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Why was the Carnot engine created
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to examine the efficiency of a heat engine
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What percent do real engines have according to Carnot value of efficiency
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60-80%
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The entropy of the universe (or any closed system) does what
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always increases
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In the state of equlibrium what does entropy obtain
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Its maximum value
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