Ch 14 Drugs And Drug Abuse

Front 1

What are the advantages of marketing drugs to consumers?

Back 1

1. Make consumersbetter informed about the benefits and risks of certain drugs

2. May learn aboutnew medications

3. Advertisinglowers the cost of drugs Disadvantages

Front 2

What are the disadvantages of marketing drugs to consumers?

Back 2

1. Content of drug ads

2. Benefits may be exaggerated

3. Celebrities used to promote drugs

4. Cost is rarely mentioned

5. Many drugs approved for 1 purpose used for other purposes

Front 3

What government agency is responsible for regulating drugs in our country and how do they do this?

Back 3

TheFDA makes the decision to review each active ingredient instead ofindividual products and are the authority for safeguarding the public healthwith regard to prescription and OTC drugs, as well as food products, cosmetics,and medical devices.

Front 4

Prescription drugs

Back 4

Medicinal drugs available to the public, only when approved by a medical professional and dispensed by a licensed pharmacist

Front 5

OTD drugs

Back 5

Medicinal drugs available to the public without the requirement of a prescription.

Four types of its analgesic drugs available to the public are: Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and naproxen.

Most commonly misused are sleep aids, with either diphenhydramine or doxylamine succinate, or cough-and-cold remedies that generally contain some combination of antihistamine and decongestant (DM or DMX).

Front 6

Dietary supplements

Back 6

Products (other than tobacco), distributed with the intention of supplementing the diet, that contain a vitamin, mineral, amino acid, herb or other botanical product, enzyme, organ tissue, metabolites, or any combination of these substances.

Front 7

Saint-John’sWort

Back 7

used in treatment of depression and anxiety, but interacts with birth-control, anticoagulants, anti-immune drugs, and certain cancer drugs

Front 8

Gingko Biloba

Back 8

helps with asthma,bronchitis, tinnitus, but ineffective for improving memory/treating dementia;used as a blood thinner and memory aid.

Side effects containnausea, upset stomach, diarrhea, risk of increased bleeding, and risk ofseizures w prolonged use.

Front 9

Ginseng

Back 9

used for mental alertness and concentration. Elevates blood glucose, but lacks evidence of improved health recoveries following illnesses. Side effects may be headache, upset stomach, and diabetics should beware.

Front 10

What population/demographic are the largest consumers of prescription drugs?

Back 10

Older adult patientsare the largest consumers of prescription medications

Front 11

What % of prescriptions are written at the request of patients by their doctors?

Back 11

One third, 33.3%

Front 12

What was the 1962 Kefauver-Harris Amendment?

Back 12

Requiredthat all drugs be evaluated for both safety and efficiency à due to thalidomide tragedy

Front 13

What was the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906?

Back 13

Ensured all foods and drugs in the U.S. wereinspected for purity and consistency

Front 14

What are double blind studies and how are they related to the study of prescription and OTC drugs?

Back 14

Whenneither patient nor researcher is aware which drug is being administeredresulting in more accurately if the drug was truly effective, regardless ofexpectation held by either person.

Front 15

What was thalidomide and what were its tragic effects?

Back 15

Prescribedto pregnant women for morning sickness in the 1950s, but the adverse sideeffect would be birth defects in the newborn child.

Front 16

In what ways are prescription drugs misused?

Back 16

Exceedingadvised dose (deliberately or accidentally)

Front 17

What are most medication errors commonly due to? (4 things)

Back 17

Incompleteinformation about patient

Incomplete information about a medication

Poorcommunication regarding a prescription Lack of appropriate labeling

Front 18

What are anesthetics?

Back 18

reduce all types ofsensation by blocking consciousness completely

Front 19

What are analgesics?

Back 19

(meaning withoutpain) reduce pain without causing loss of other sensations; the experience ofpain varies with personality, gender and time of day.

Front 20

What is the active compound in aspirin responsible for relieving pain?

Back 20

Salicylicacid

Front 21

What is the property responsible for reducing pain, reducing fever and reducing swelling and form the basis for its clinical/medical use? (3 properties)

Back 21

Analgesic(pain), anti-inflammatory (reduce inflammation/tenderness of joints/body), andantipyretic (lowers body temp)

Front 22

What 3 importantside effects of aspirin need to be considered and why are these important toconsider prior to major surgery?

Back 22

Develops gastricbleeding, increases time for blood clotting, and develops Reye’s syndrome (raredangerous condition – may cause lethargy, nausea, violent vomiting, disorientation, andcoma)

Due to it's increased time for blood clotting, it may cause someone to bleed out uncontrollably.

Front 23

What is the majorside effect of salicylicacid?

Back 23

Digestive system did not handle it easily

Front 24

What is a possible sensory effect of aspirin?

Back 24

Ringingears and deafness

Front 25

What is acetaminophen?

Back 25

Tylenol and Datril. It is not an anti-inflammatoryagent, but does relieve pain and reduce fever

Front 26

How is this different from aspirin?

Back 26

Itdoes relieve pain and reduce fever

Front 27

What are the 3 areas of concern related to acetaminophen?

Back 27

1. Overdose cancause serious liver disorders

2. Increased riskof kidney damage

3. Can enhance theeffect of other prescription medications

Front 28

What is ibuprofen? What are the therapeutic effects of it?

Back 28

Usedas an analgesic, an anti-inflammatory agent, in the treatment of arthritis andfor menstrual cramps

Front 29

What are the potential side effects and dangers for ibuprofen?

Back 29

Reportsof fatal liver damage with overdose

Front 30

What category do sleep aids fall into?

Back 30

CNSdepressant/benzos?

Front 31

What type of drugs are cold and cough remedies? (are they stimulants, narcotics, depressants?)

Back 31

CNSdepressants

Front 32

What function do cold and cough remedies serve?

Back 32

Inhopes of reducing symptoms, used to suppress cough, decongest, and reducingpain, headache, fever, reducing mucus, itching, sneezing, teary eyes, and runnynose.

Front 33

What are some potential problems with cold remedies?

Back 33

Drowsiness,alcohol use, potential abuse, health risks of kids under age 4, and opioidabuse.

Front 34

What does the antitussive property of a drug refer to?

Back 34

Agentto suppress cough.