Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Characteristics of the ANS |
1. Two neuron efferent chain 2. Presence of neuron cell bodies in the CNS 3. Presence of neuron cell bodies in the ganglia |
|
|
Characteristics of the sympathetic nervous system (fight-or-flight system) |
1. Short preganglionic, long postganglionic fibers 2. Adrenergic fibers 3. Cervical ganglia 4. Increases heart rate and blood pressure 5. Innervates blood vessels 6. Active when you are running in the Boston Marathon 7. Responses include dilated pupils, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, dilated bronchioles of the lungs, increased blood glucose levels, and sweating 8. During exercise, sympathetic vasoconstriction shunts blood from the skin and digestive viscera to the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles 9. Preganglionic neurons arise from the lateral horns of the spinal cord from the level of T1 through L2 |
|
|
Characteristics of the parasympathetic nervous system ( rest-digest system) |
1. Intramural ganglia 2. Craniosacral part 3. Otic and ciliary ganglia 4. Generally short-duration action 5. Increases gastric motility and secretion of lacrimal, salivary, and digestive juices 6. Conserve Body Energy and maintains body activities at basil levels 7. Parasympathetic effects include constricted pupils, glandular secretion, increased digestive tract motility, and smooth muscle activity leading to elimination of feces and urine 8. Long Preganglionic neurons arise from the brainstem and from the sacral S2 to S4 region of the spinal cord 9. Postganglionic fibers are short 10. Cranial fibers arise in the brainstem nuclei of cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, and 10, and synapse and ganglia of the head, thorax, and abdomen. 11. The vagus nerves serve virtually all organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities |
|
|
What kind of fibers are present in the white rami communicantes |
Preganglionic sympathetic |
|
|
Collateral sympathetic ganglia are involved with innervating abdominal organs |
True |
|
|
The autonomic nervous system, aka involuntary or visceral motor, provides motor fibers to smooth and cardiac muscles and glands |
True |
|
|
What two neurotransmitters are released by the autonomic motor neurons |
1. Acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE) which may excite or inhibit target cells 2. Based on the neurotransmitter they release, fibers are classified as cholinergic (ACh) or adrenergic (NE) 3. ACh is released by all preganglionic fibers and all parasympathetic postganglionic fibers 4. NE is released by all sympathetic postganglionic fibers except those serving the sweat glands of the skin 5. Neurotransmitter effects depend on The receptors to which the neurotransmitter binds. Cholinergic (ACh) receptors are classified as nicotine or muscarinic. Adrenergic (NE) receptors are classified as A1 or A2 or B1, B2, or B3 |
|
|
Autonomic function is controlled at several levels |
1. The spinal cord and brain stem, particularly medullary, centers mediate reflex activity 2. Hypothalamic integration centers interact with both higher and lower centers to orchestrate autonomic, somatic, and endocrine responses 3. Cortical centers influence autonomic function via connections with the limbic system |
