Ch 14

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Free Soil Party

Back 1

Short-lived political party in the United States, active in the 1848 and 1852 presidential elections, its main purpose was opposing slavery expansion into the western territories, called for a homestead act and a tariff for revenue only, leadership consisted by former anti-slavery groups such as the Whig Party and the Democratic Party

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Fugitive slave law

Back 2

passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave holding states and Northern Free-soilers, declared that all runaway slaves be brought back to their masters, also called the "bloodhound law" since bloodhound were used to track down the runaway slaves.

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Harriet Tubman

Back 3

African- American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the Civil War, made thirteen missions to save slaves using the Underground railroad

Front 4

Ostend Manifesto

Back 4

a document written in 185, described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain and declare war if Spain refused,

Front 5

Kansas Nebraska Act

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created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries

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Wilmot Proviso

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major events leading the Civil War, would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War, David Wilmot first introduced the Proviso in the US House of Represntatives on August 8

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William Lloyd Garrison

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prominent american abolitionist, jouranlist and social reformer, editor of the liberator, founders of the Anit-slavery society.

Front 8

Frederick Douglas

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American soical reformer, orator writer and statesman, after escaping slavery he became leader of the abolitionist movement

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Popular sovereignty

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belief that the legitimacy of the state created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power, closely associated with the social contract among them thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean Jacques Rousseau

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Underground railroad

Back 10

informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th century black slaves in the US to escape to free states and Canada

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Compromise of 1850

Back 11

5 bills (documents) defusing a 4yr confrontation between slave states of the South and free states of the North
that arose after the Mexican-American War (1846–1848).

Front 12

Dred Scott Decision

Back 12

Ruling by the Supreme Court that people of African descent imported into the US
Held as slaves were not protected by the Constitution and could not be U.S. citizens.

Front 13

Panic of 1857

Back 13

Financial panic due to the declining international economy
&over expansion of the domestic economy.

Front 14

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Back 14

an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War", according to Will Kaufman

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Bleeding Kansas

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a series of violent events, involving anti-slavery Free-Staters and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian" elements, that took place in the Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S. state of Missouri roughly between 1854 and 1858.

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Crittenden Compromise

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An unsuccessful proposal by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden to resolve the US succession crisis 1860-1861 by addressing the concerns that led the states in the Deep South of the United States to contmeplate succession from the United States.

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Fort Sumter

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a coastal fortification located in Charleston, South Carolina. its where the shots initiating the American Civil War: The Battle of Fort Sumter.

Front 18

Jefferson Davis

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leader of the Confederacy during the Civil war.& was also the president for the entire time.He argued against succession.

Front 19

Anaconda Plan

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To subdued the succeeding states, purposed by General Winfield Scott, wants to capture the Mississippi River to cut it in two, had to capture the harbors south of the Chesapeake Bay, control in the Mississippi results in of the capture of Vicksburg.

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Robert E. Lee

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The commanding chief during the American civil war

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Ulysses S. Grant

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18th president of the United States. Military commander during the Civil War and post-war Reconstruction periods. Under Grant's command, the Union Army defeated the Confederate military and ended the Confederate States of America.

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Iron Clads

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March 1862 also known as the Merrimac, the Confederates. The Monitor vs. the Merrimac: they shot cannons at each other. The Union was successful because they were able to keep their blockade.
Buy your way out of the Military Service

Front 23

Battle of Antietam

Back 23

September 17, 1862, it’s a Union Victory About 23,000 causalities
Led by General McClellan goes to meet General Lee in Maryland. McClellan gets inside information. McClellan allows Lee’s army to regroup.
Abraham Lincoln replaces McClellan.

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Emancipation Proclamation

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It stated that the Border States got to keep slavery. Only the states that broke away from the Union did the Emancipation Proclamation pertain to. Abraham was known as the “Emancipator.” The Radicals in Congress wanted to abolish slavery. Republicans: Thaddeus Stevens from Pennsylvania Charles Sumner from Massachusetts and Benjamin Wade from wanted a fast change

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54th Regiment

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The first African American Regiment in the army. The regiment was one of the first official black units in the United States during the Civil War. The 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment, recruited from freed slaves, was the first Union Army regiment organized with African American soldiers in the Civil War, though many had fought in the American Revolution and the War of 1812 on both sides.

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Morril Tariff Act of 1861

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American protective tariff law adopted on March 2, 1861 during the Buchanan Administration and signed into law by President James Buchanan, a Democrat. The act is named after its sponsor, Representative Justin Morrill of Vermont, who drafted it with the advice of Pennsylvania economist Henry C. Carey. Passage was possible because many low-tariff Southerners had left Congress after their states declared their secession. The Morrill Tariff raised rates to protect and encourage industry and the high wages of industrial workers.

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Homestead Act of 1862

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one of two United States federal laws that gave an applicant freehold title to up to 160 acres (65 hectares or one-fourth section) of undeveloped federal land west of the Mississippi River. The law required three steps: file an application, improve the land, and file for deed of title. Anyone who had never taken up arms against the U.S. government, including freed slaves, could file an application and evidence of improvements to a federal land area. signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862. Eventually 1.6 million homesteads were granted and 270,000,000 acres (420,000 sq mi) of federal land were privatized between 1862 and 1934, a total of 10% of all lands in the United States.[9] Homesteading was discontinued in 1976, except in Alaska, where it continued until 1986.

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Legal Tender Act of 1862

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The Legal Tender Act of 1862 was enacted to issue paper money to finance the Civil War without raising taxes.[5] The paper money depreciated in terms of gold and became the subject of controversy, particularly because debts contracted earlier could be paid in this cheaper currency.[

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Pacific Railroad Act of 1862

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series of acts of Congress that promoted the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the United States through authorizing the issuance of government bonds and the grants of land to railroad companies. Signed into law by the President Abraham Lincoln on July 1, 1862, the 1862 Act authorized extensive land grants[1] in the Western United States and the issuance of 30-year government bonds (at 6 percent) to the Union Pacific Railroad and Central Pacific Railroad (later the Southern Pacific Railroad) companies in order to construct a transcontinental railroad.

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National Bank Act of 1863

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2 federal laws that established a system of national charters for banks,
Used to raise money for the federal government during the American Civil War
To finance the war against the Confederacy.
Focus was to entice banks to buy federal bonds and taxing state bank-issued currency out of existence, but it proved defective and was replaced by the National Bank Act of 1864 just one year later.

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Battle of Vicksburg

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Last major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War.
When two major assaults against the Confederate repulsed with heavy casualties,
Grant decided to besiege the city
With no re-enforcement, supplies nearly gone, and garrison finally Yielded command of the Mississippi River to the Union forces, who would hold it for the rest of the conflict.

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Battle of Gettysburg

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Largest number of casualties Civil War
War's turning point
Union Maj. Gen. George Gordon Meade's Army of the Potomac defeated attacks by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of
Northern Virginia,
ending Lee's invasion of the North.

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Copperheads

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Vocal group of Democrats in the Northern United States opposed the American Civil War,
wanting an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates.

Front 34

New York Draft Riots of 1863

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violent disturbances in NYC that were the culmination of discontent with new lands passed by Congress to draft men to fight in civil war

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Appomattox

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thre final engagement of confederate state army general robert e. lee of northern virginia before it surrendered to the union army under grant. one of the last battles of civil war

Front 36

Trent Affair

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an international diplomatic incident that occured during the American Civil War
Removed as contraband of war two confederate diplomats,
James Mason and John Slidell.