Ch. 13 Medical Terminology

Front 1

Conjunctiva

Back 1

Lines the eyelid

Front 2

Lacrimal glands

Back 2

Secrete tears to moisten the eyeball

Front 3

Globe

Back 3

The eyeball

Front 4

Sclera

Back 4

protective shield; Maintains the shape of the eye; white of the eye

Front 5

Cornea

Back 5

transparent front part of the sclera

Front 6

Choroid

Back 6

opaque middle layer of the eyeball; provides blood supply for the eye

Front 7

iris

Back 7

colored circle (muscle) of the eye, some are brown, some blue, some hazel

Front 8

pupil

Back 8

opening in the center of the eye, where light enters; regulates the amount of light entering the eye

Front 9

lens

Back 9

located behind the pupil and the iris; for refraction (bending light rays)

Front 10

ciliary muscles

Back 10

alter the shape of the lens

Front 11

retina

Back 11

innermost layer of the eye; has nerve endings that are responsible for the reception and transmission of light impulses

Front 12

optic nerve

Back 12

carries the nerve impulses from the eye to the brain

Front 13

optic disc

Back 13

where the optic nerve and blood vessels of the eye enter the eyeball; also called the blind spot, because it doesn't have any rods or cones.

Front 14

macula lutea

Back 14

area in the center of the retina

Front 15

anterior chamber

Back 15

behind the cornea and in front of the iris

Front 16

posterior chamber

Back 16

located between the iris and lens

Front 17

aqueous humor

Back 17

watery substance; provides nourishment for the lens and the cornea. the body continuously produces this. If it fails to drain, glaucoma results.

Front 18

vitreous humor

Back 18

jelly-like substance; body does not continuously produce this; virtuous humor, along with aqueous humor help with refraction

Front 19

accommodation

Back 19

you can see up close and far away with the lens we are born with

Front 20

emmetropia

Back 20

normal vision

Front 21

diopter

Back 21

measurement of the lens refractive power

Front 22

myopia

Back 22

nearsightedness

Front 23

hyperopia

Back 23

farsightedness

Front 24

presbyopia

Back 24

farsightedness caused by the aging process

Front 25

astigmatism

Back 25

the cornea or lens has a defective curvature

Front 26

Glaucoma

Back 26

Takes away the peripheral vision is increased intraocular pressure, because of aqueous humor not draining out.

Front 27

exotropia

Back 27

eyes turn outward

Front 28

esotropia

Back 28

eyes turn toward each other ; cross eyed

Front 29

Macular Degeneration

Back 29

deterioration of the macula of the retina, central/straight ahead vision is affected your peripheral (side) vision is fine. Age related; Person rarely goes, blind.

Front 30

conjunctivitis

Back 30

inflammation of the conjunctiva (pike eye)

Front 31

Hordeolum/sty

Back 31

cyst on eyelid with bacterial infection

Front 32

nyctalopia

Back 32

night vision- have trouble seeing at night

Front 33

photophobia

Back 33

fear of light-light bothers the eyes

Front 34

enucleation

Back 34

removal of the eyeball (ie treatment of cancer)

Front 35

Cataract

Back 35

clouding of the lens

Front 36

phacoemulsification

Back 36

busting up lens- to remove- replacement lens put in- cataract surgery

Front 37

optometrist

Back 37

not a medical doctor- does eye exams

Front 38

ophthalmologist

Back 38

is a medical doctor- does the surgeries

Front 39

RK

Back 39

Use knife to cut slits in the cornea

Front 40

PRK

Back 40

use laser to to cut slits in the cornea

Front 41

Lasik

Back 41

Create a flap- then cut slits in cornea, then pull flap back down

Front 42

infacts

Back 42

rings put on cornea to reshape

Front 43

prelex

Back 43

new lens put in

Front 44

IOP

Back 44

Intraocular Pressure

Front 45

OD

Back 45

Right Eye

Front 46

OS

Back 46

Left Eye

Front 47

OU

Back 47

Both Eyes/ Each Eye

Front 48

PERRLA

Back 48

Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive, to Light and Accommodation

Front 49

The three major parts of the ear are:

Back 49

The outer/external ear, middle ear/tympanic ear, inner ear/labyrinth

Front 50

pinna/auricle

Back 50

collects sound waves ; where the sound waves enter external auditory canal canal/meatus- lined with glands that secrete cerumen

Front 51

typanic membrane/eardum

Back 51

separates the outer ear from the middle ear

Front 52

Auditory ossicles

Back 52

transmit sound waves through the middle ear. The three ossicles are the malleus/hammer, incus/anvil, stapes/stirrups.

Front 53

Eustachian tubes

Back 53

connects the middle ear to the pharynx; equalize pressure on the outer and inner surfaces of the ear drum.

Front 54

Oval window

Back 54

separates the middle ear from the inner ear

Front 55

cochlea

Back 55

snail shaped ; in the inner ear.

Front 56

Semicircular Canals

Back 56

organs for equilibrium/balance.

Front 57

Otitis Media

Back 57

Inflammation of the middle ear, Most common in infants and young children, especially those with upper respiratory infection.

Front 58

pressure-equalizing tubes -

Back 58

Put into cure otitis media (drains pus and releases pressure)

Front 59

tinnitus

Back 59

ringing/roaring noise in the ear

Front 60

vertigo

Back 60

dizzy

Front 61

-scopy

Back 61

means visual examination

Front 62

-graphy

Back 62

means process of recording (taking an x-ray)

Front 63

-Metry

Back 63

means process of measuring

Front 64

AD

Back 64

Right ear

Front 65

AS

Back 65

Left Ear

Front 66

AU

Back 66

Both Ears

Front 67

HEENT

Back 67

Head, eyes, ears, nose, throat

Front 68

EENT

Back 68

eyes, ears, nose, throat