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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tranformation |
the act or process of transfroming |
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bacteriophage |
any group of viruses infect backteria |
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Nucleotide |
any group of molecules that, when linked together, form the buliding blocks of DNA and RNA |
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Base Pairing |
the process of binding separate DNA sequence by base pairs |
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Chromatin |
the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus, consisting of DNA, RNA, and various proteins, that forms chromosomes during cell division. |
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Histone |
any of a group of five small basic proteins, occurring in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, that organize DNA strands into nucleosomes by forming molecular complexes around which the DNA winds. |
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Replication |
a copy |
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DNA polymerase |
any of a class of enzymes involved in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid from its deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate precursors. |
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Gene |
the basic physical unit of heredity; a linear sequence of nucleotides along a segment of DNA that provides the coded instructions for synthesis of RNA, which, when translated into protein, leads to the expression of hereditary character. |
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Messenger DNA |
a single-stranded molecule of RNA that is synthesized in the nucleus from a DNA template and then enters the cytoplasm, where its genetic code specifies the amino acid sequence for protein synthesis
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ribosomal RNA |
a type of RNA, distinguished by its length and abundance, functioning in protein synthesis as a component of ribosomes. |
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transcription |
the act or process of transcribing |
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Transfer RNA |
a small RNA molecule, consisting of a strand of nucleotides folded into a clover-leaf shape, that picks up an unattached amino acid within the cell cytoplasm and conveys it to the ribosome for protein synthesis. |
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RNA polymerase |
an enzyme that synthesizes the formation of RNA from a DNA template during transcription. |
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Promoter |
a person or thing that promotes, furthers, or encourages. |
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intron |
a noncoding segment in a length of DNA that interrupts a gene-coding sequence or nontranslated sequence, the corresponding segment being removed from the RNA copy before transcription. |
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exon |
(in Britain) one of four yeomen of the guard who act as commanding officers in the absence of higher authority. |
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codon |
a triplet of adjacent nucleotides in the messenger RNA chain thatcodes for a specific amino acid in the synthesis of a protein molecule. |
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translation |
the rendering of something into another language or into one's own from another language. |
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anticodon |
a sequence of three nucleotides in a region of transfer RNA that recognizes a complementary coding triplet of nucleotides in messenger RNA during translation by the ribosomes in protein biosynthesis |
