Ch 12 Medical Terminology

Front 1

albuminuria albumin/uria

Back 1

protein/urine Presence of serum protein in the urine

Front 2

antidiuretic anti/di(a)/uret/ic

Back 2

Pertaining to a medication that decreases urine secretion

Front 3

anuria

Back 3

Without the formation of urine

Front 4

bacteriuria

Back 4

Presence of bacteria in the urin

Front 5

calciuria

Back 5

Presence of calcium in the urine

Front 6

calculus

Back 6

pebble; any abnormal concretion (stone); plural: calculi

Front 7

catheter

Back 7

Tube of elastic, wlastic web, rubber, glass, metal , or plastic that is inserted into a body cavity to remove fluid or to inject fluid

Front 8

cystectomy

Back 8

Surgical excision of the bladder or part of the bladder

Front 9

cystitis

Back 9

Inflammation of the bladder

Front 10

cystocele

Back 10

hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina;

Front 11

cystodynia

Back 11

Pain in the bladder; commonly called cystalgia

Front 12

cystogram

Back 12

X-ray record of the bladder

Front 13

cystolithectomy

Back 13

Surgical excision of a stone from the bladder

Front 14

cystoscope

Back 14

Instrument used for examination of the bladder

Front 15

dialysis

Back 15

Procedure to separate waste material from the blood and to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance in impaired kidney function or in the absence of the kidney

Front 16

diuresis

Back 16

Condition of increased or excessive fow of urine; occurs in conditions such as diabetes mellitus diabetes insipidus, and acute renal failure. Diuretics also produce diuresis.

Front 17

dysuria

Back 17

Difficult or painful urination

Front 18

edema

Back 18

Abnormal condition in which the body tissues contain an accumulation of fluid

Front 19

enuresis

Back 19

Condition of involuntary emission of urine; bedwetting

Front 20

excretory

Back 20

Pertaining to the elimination of wasste products from the body

Front 21

extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor (ESWL)

Back 21

Device used to crush kidney stones (renal calculi). The patient is sedated and immersed in a water bath while shock waves pound the stones until they crumble into small pieces. These pieces are flushed out with urine.

Front 22

glomerular

Back 22

Pertaining to the glomerulus

Front 23

glomeruilitis

Back 23

Inflammation of the renal glomeruli

Front 24

glomurulonephritis

Back 24

Inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruili. There are three types; acute glomerulonephritis(AGN), chronic glomerulonephritisis(CGN), and subacute glomerulonephritis.

Front 25

glycosuria

Back 25

Presence of blood in the urine

Front 26

hemodialysis (HD)

Back 26

Use of an artificial kidney to separate waste from the blood. The blood is ciruculated through tubes made of simipermeable membranes, and these tubes are continually bathed by solution that remove waste.

Front 27

hydronephrosis

Back 27

Contidion in which urin collects in the renal pelvis because of an obstructed outflow, thereby forming distention and atrophy of the kidney; can be caused by renal calculi, tumor, or hyperplasia of the prostate gland.

Front 28

hypercalciuria

Back 28

Excessive amout of calcium in the urin

Front 29

incontinence

Back 29

Inability to hold or control urination or defecation

Front 30

interstitial cystitis

Back 30

Chronically irritable and painful inflammation of the bladder wall

Front 31

ketonuria

Back 31

Presence of ketones in the urine resulting from breakdown of fats due to faulty carbohydrate metabolism. It occurs primarily as a complication of diabetes mellitus; also called ketoacidosis.

Front 32

lithotripsy

Back 32

Crushing of a kidney stone

Front 33

meatotomy

Back 33

Inscision of the urinary meatus to enlarge the opening

Front 34

meatus

Back 34

Opening or passage; the external open ing of the urethra

Front 35

micturition

Back 35

Process of urination

Front 36

nephrectomy

Back 36

Surgical excision of a kidney

Front 37

nephritis

Back 37

Inflammation of the kidney

Front 38

nephrocystitis

Back 38

Inflammation of the bladder and the kidney

Front 39

nephrolith

Back 39

Kidney stone, calculus. A condition characterized by the presence of a kidney stone is nephrolithiasis

Front 40

nephrology

Back 40

Study of the kidney

Front 41

nephroma

Back 41

Kidney tumor

Front 42

nephron

Back 42

Structural and functional unit of the kidney

Front 43

nephropathy

Back 43

Disease of the kidney

Front 44

nephrosclerosis

Back 44

Condition of hardening of the kidney

Front 45

nocturia

Back 45

Excessive urination during the night

Front 46

oliguria

Back 46

Scanty urination

Front 47

percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy (PUL)

Back 47

Crushing of a kidney stone by using ultrasound. This is an invasive surgical procedure performed by using a nephroscope or fluoroscopy.

Front 48

peritoneal dialysis (PD)

Back 48

Separation of waste from the blood by using the peritoneal catheter and dialysis. Fluid is introducd into the peritoneal cavity and wastes from the blood pass into this fluid. The fluid and waste are then removed from the body. Types of peritoneal dialysis are IPD- intermittent and CAPD- continuous ambulatory.

Front 49

periurethral

Back 49

pertaining to around the urethra

Front 50

polyuria

Back 50

Excessive urination during the night

Front 51

pyelocystitis

Back 51

Inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis

Front 52

pyelolithotomy

Back 52

Surgical incision into the renal pelvis for removal of a stone

Front 53

pyelonephritis

Back 53

Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis.

Front 54

pyuria

Back 54

Pus in the urin

Front 55

renal

Back 55

Pertaining to the kidney

Front 56

renal colic

Back 56

Acute pain that occurs in the kidney area caused by blockage during the passage of a stone

Front 57

renal failure

Back 57

Cessation of proper functioning of the kidney

Front 58

renal transplant

Back 58

Surgical procedure to implant a donor kidney into a recipient

Front 59

renin

Back 59

Enzyme produced by the kidney that is elevated in some types of hypertension

Front 60

residual urine

Back 60

Urine that is left in the bladder after urination

Front 61

sediment

Back 61

Substance that settles at the bottom of a liquid; a precipitate

Front 62

specific gravity

Back 62

Weight of a substance compared with an equal amount of water. Urine has a specific gravity of 1.003 to 1.030.

Front 63

specimen

Back 63

Sample of tissue, blood, urine, or other material intended to show the nature of the whole

Front 64

sterile

Back 64

State of being free frome living microorganisms; asepsis

Front 65

stricture

Back 65

Abnormal narrowing of a duct or passage such as the esophagus, ureter, or urethra

Front 66

trigonitis

Back 66

Inflammation of the trigone of the bladder

Front 67

urea

Back 67

Chief nitrogenous constituent of urine

Front 68

uremia

Back 68

Excess of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acid metabolism accumulated in the blood; also referred to as azetemia. In current usage, it refers to the syndrome associated end-stage renal failure.

Front 69

ureterocolostomy

Back 69

Surgical implantation of the ureter into the colon

Front 70

ureteropathy

Back 70

Diseas of the ureter