Ch 12 Health Assessment - Color Changes

Front 1

decrease in hematocrit

Back 1

anemia

Front 2

decreased perfusion,vasoconstriction, pallor

Back 2

shock

Front 3

local arterial insufficiency

signs in light skin

Back 3

marked localized pallor

lower extremities especially when elevated

Front 4

local arterial insufficiency

signs in dark skin

Back 4

ashen gray
dull
cool to palpitation

Front 5

total absence of pigment melanin throughout the integument

Back 5

albinism

Front 6

patchy discoloration from destruction of melanocytes

Back 6

vitiligo

Front 7

pallor

common in what normal conditions

Back 7

high-stress

cold exposure

cigarette smoking

presence of edema

Front 8

erythema

is caused by

Back 8

dilated superficial capillaries

Front 9

erythema

common in what normal conditions

Back 9

fever
local inflammation
emotional reactions
increased temperature

Front 10

erythema

common in what abnormal conditions

Back 10

polycythemia
venous statis
CO2 poisoning
extravascular presence of RBCs

Front 11

increased blood flow through engorged arterioles

Back 11

hyperemia

Front 12

hyperemia

is a sign of

Back 12

inflammation
fever
alcohol intake
blushing

Front 13

increased RBC
capillary stasis

Back 13

polycythemia

Front 14

hyperemia

in light skin, appears

Back 14

red
bright
pink

Front 15

hyperemia

in dark skin, appears

Back 15

purplish tinge

palpate for increased warmth with inflammation and hardening deep tissue

Front 16

polycythemia

in light skin, appears

Back 16

ruddy blue

in face, oral mucosa, conjunctiva, hands, feet

Front 17

polycythemia

in dark skin, appears

Back 17

redness in lips

Front 18

carbon monoxide poisoning

in light skin, appears

Back 18

bright cherry red

in face and upper torso

Front 19

carbon monoxide poisoning

in dark skin, appears

Back 19

cherry red

in nail beds, lips, oral mucosa

Front 20

venous stasis

in light skin, appears

Back 20

dusky rubor
in dependent extremities

a prelude to necrosis with pressure ulcer

Front 21

venous stasis

in dark skin

Back 21

easily masked

use palpation

Front 22

cyanosis

indicates what

Back 22

hypoxemia

decreased perfusion

Front 23

perfusion

define

Back 23

the passage of fluid/blood through a specific organ or area of the body, carrying nutrients and oxygen

Front 24

cyanosis

common in what abnormal conditions

Back 24

hypoxemia
shock
heart failure
chronic bronchitis
congenital heart failure

Front 25

central cyanosis

causes

Back 25

chronic heart/lung disease

Front 26

peripheral cyanosis

causes

Back 26

exposure to cold

anxiety

Front 27

peripheral cyanosis

in light skin, appears

Back 27

dusky under the nail beds

Front 28

jaundice

indicates what

Back 28

rising amounts of bilirubin in blood

Front 29

where is jaundice first noticed?

Back 29

junction of hard/soft plate in mouth

sclera

Front 30

jaundice is normal in what type of individuals?

Back 30

newborns

Front 31

jaundice

is common in what abnormal conditions?

Back 31

hepatitis
cirrhosis
sickle-cell
transfusion reaction
hemolytic disease of newborn

Front 32

what accompanies jaundice?

Back 32

light/clay-colored stool

dark golden urine

Front 33

carotenemia

indicates what?

Back 33

increased carotene
from ingestion of large amounts of carotene-rich foods

Front 34

uremia results from what?

Back 34

renal (kidney) failure

Front 35

jaundice

in light skin, appears

Back 35

yellow
in sclera, hard platee, mucous membranes, then over skin

Front 36

jaundice

in dark skin, appears

Back 36

yellow
under limbus (around the cornea)
and in the junction of hard/soft palate
in the palms

Front 37

carotenemia

in light skin, appears

Back 37

yellow-orange
in forehead, palms, soles nasolabial folds

NOT in sclera/mucous membranes

Front 38

carotenemia

in dark skin, appears

Back 38

yellow-orange
in palms and soles

Front 39

uremia

in light skin, appears

Back 39

orange-green/gray pallor

ecchymosis & purpura

Front 40

ecchymosis

is commonly referred to as a what?

Back 40

bruise

Front 41

uremia

in dark skin, appears

Back 41

easily masked

rely on lab and clinical findings

Front 42

tan/brown skin change

types

Back 42

Addison's disease

Cafe au lait Spots

Front 43

Addison's disease

caused by what?

Back 43

Cortisol deficiency

stimulates melanin production

Front 44

Addison's disease

in light skin, appears

Back 44

bronzed

"eternal tan" around nipples, genitalia, perineum, pressure points

Front 45

Cafe au lait Spots

in light skin, appear

Back 45

tan to light brown
irregular shaped
oval patch with well defined borders