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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Senses
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Important extensions of the nervous system that enabe us to detect changes in the environment
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Stimuli
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Changes in environment
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General Senses
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Touch, Pressure, Temerature, Pain, Stretch, and Vibration
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Special Senses
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Vision, Hearing, Equilibrium, Smell, Taste
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Exteroceptors
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Found close to the body surface and include cutaneous receptors in the skin and specialized receptors of the special senses
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Interoceptors
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Found in internal visceral organs and include stretch receptors and chemoreceptors.
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Proprioceptors
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Respond to stimuli in skeletal muscles, tendonds, joints, ligaments, and connective tissue of bones and muscles.
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Free nerve endings
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dendrites of sensory neurons that respond to extreme pressure or injury (which the brain interprets as pain) but they also respond to slight touch (resulting in an itch or 'tickle' sensation)
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Encapsulated Nerve Endings
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Strctural Receptor where the dendrites are enclosed by a capsule of conective tissue. When the skin recieves pysical contact the tissue presses up against the dendrites and the brain interprets the impulses as fine touch or pressure
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Nociceptors
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Free nerve endings that respond to tissue damage for the sensation of painf
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Meissner Corpuscles
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Detect fine touch by responding to sligh disturbances
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Pacinian Corpuscles
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Respond only to deep pressure
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Reffered Pain
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Pain experienced when receptors are not stimulated
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Eyebrows
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the fringe hair superior to each orbit which acts as a partial filter
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Palpbrae
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the eyelid, each composed of an outer layer of skin and an inner layer of mucous membrane
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Eyelashes
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the small hairs attached to the distal end of each eyelid, which helps filter particles and sunlight
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Conjunctiva
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a thin, protective mucous membrane that covers the externally exposed surfaces of the eye
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Lacrimal Apparatus
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structure that produces and draind tears
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Lens
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The part of the eye that bends light rays as they enter the eye
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Refraction
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The process of bending light rays
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Outer Ear
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Collects and funnels sound waves which are converted to mechanical vibrations by the ear drum.
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Midde Ear
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An air-filled cavity within the temporal bone that transmits vibrations from the ear-drum to the oval window.
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Inner Ear
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Triggers both hearing and equalibrium.
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Cochlea
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The spiral chamber of the inner ear, and houses the sensory receptors for hearing.
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Conduction Deafness
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A neurological failure such as damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve (aka sensorineural deafness)
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Weber Test
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Examines a subjects abilty to conduct sounds waves.
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Rinne Tests
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Examines for the possibility of both conduction deafness and sensorineural deafness
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Romberg Test
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A test for static equilibrium
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Barany Test
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Evaluates the function of he receptors that monitor dynamic equilibrium
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Gustation
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Sense of taste
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