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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Midbrain (brainstem) |
Involved with pain suppression, control 'fight or flight' response, degeneration of dopamine releasing neurons cause of Parkinson's |
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Pons (brainstem) |
Relays 'conversations' between motor cortex and cerebellum, help medulla oblongata maintain breathing |
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Medulla Oblongata |
Relay sensory info. on degree of stretch in muscles and joints in cerebellum, adjusts the force and rate of heart beat and regulate blood pressure, control rate and depth of breathing |
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Midbrain (location) |
Between diencephalon and pons |
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Pons (location) |
Wedged between midbrain and medulla oblongata |
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Medulla Oblongata (location) |
Most inferior part of brain stem |
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Midbrain (nerves) |
Two |
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Pons (nerves) |
At least 3 |
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Medulla Oblongata |
Four |
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Decussation of pyramids |
Located in medulla oblongata Result in each cerebral hemisphere chiefly controls the voluntary movements of muscles on opposite side of body |
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Reticular activating system |
Send continuous stream of impulses to cerebral cortex, keeping cortex alert and conscious and enhancing its excitability, filters flood sensory outputs, involved in sleep |
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Hypothalamus |
Control autonomic nervous system, initiate physical responses to emotions, regulate body temp., regulate food intake, regulate water balance and thirst, regulate sleep-wake cycle, control endocrine system function |
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Central sulcus |
Separates frontal lobe from parietal lobe |
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Lateral sulcus |
Separates parietal and frontal lobe, outline temporal lobe |
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Gyri |
Outward fold of cerebral cortex |
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Association fibers |
Connect diff. parts of the same hemisphere |
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Projection fibers |
Tie the cortex to the rest of the nervous system and to receptors and effectors |
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Association areas |
To give meaning to the info. that we receive, store it in memory, tie it to previous knowledge and experiences, and decide what action to take |
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Broca's area |
Lies anterior to the inferior region of premotor area, special motor speech area for speech production |
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Prefrontal cortex |
In frontal lobe, involved in intellect, complex learning abilities, recall and personality, contains working memory |
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Primary motor area |
Located in precentral gyrus of frontal lobe, allows us to continuously control the precise or skilled voluntary movements of our skeletal muscles |
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Primary somatosensory area |
Resides in postcentral gyrus of parietal lobe, receive info. from general sensory receptors in skin and from muscles, joints, and tendons |
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Temporal lobe |
Controls voluntary movement, association areas |
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Occipital lobe |
Vision |
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Thalamus |
Info is sorted out and edited, help regulate emotion and visceral function, info that directs activity of motor cortices, memory or sensory integration |
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Cerebellum |
Provides precise timing and appropriate patterns of skeletal muscle contraction for smooth, coordinated movements and agility |
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Cerebrospinal fluid |
In and around brain and spinal cord Formed by choroid plexuses Ventricles help keep CSF in constant motion |
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Spinal cord enlargements |
Where the nerves serving the upper and lower limbs arise |
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Dorsal roots |
Formed by afferent fibers carrying impulses from peripheral sensory receptors |
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Spinothalamic tract |
Transmit impulses for pain and temp. and coarse touch and pressure From spine to thalamus |
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Spinocerebellar tract |
Convey info about muscle or tendon stretch to cerebellum |
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Reticulospinal tract |
Maintain balance by varying tone of postural muscles |
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Tectospinal tract |
Mediate head movements in response to visual stimuli |
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Direct pathway |
Pyramidal of medulla |
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Indirect pathway |
Brain stem |
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Cervical region |
Contains 7 pairs of nerves |
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Thoracic region |
Contains 12 pairs of nerves |
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Lumbar region |
Contains 5 pairs of nerves |
