Ch. 12

Front 1

divided government

Back 1

A government in which one party controls the White House and the another party controls one or both houses of Congress.

Front 2

unified government

Back 2

Same party controls both White house and both houses of congress.

Front 3

representative democracy

Back 3

Political system in which leaders and representatives acquire political power by meands of a competitive struggle for the people's vote. This is the form of government used by nations that are called democratic.

Front 4

direct democracy

Back 4

All or most citizens participate directly by either holding office or making policy.

Front 5

pyramid structure

Back 5

Method of organizing a president's staff in which most presidential assistants report through a hierarchy to the president's chief of staff.

Front 6

ad hoc structure

Back 6

Method of organizing a president's staff in which several task forces, committees, and informal groups of friends and advisers deal directly with the president.

Front 7

perks

Back 7

"fringe benefits of office" (limos, travel, etc.)

Front 8

cabinet

Back 8

By custom, cabinet includes the heads of the fourteen major executive departments.

Front 9

veto message

Back 9

Way of vetoing, must be sent to Congress w/in ten days after the president recieves the bill.

Front 10

pocket veto

Back 10

One of two ways for a president to disaprove a bill sent to him by Congress. If the president does not sign the bill within ten days of his recieving it and Congerss has adjourned w/in that time, the bill does not become law.

Front 11

line-item veto

Back 11

The power of an executive to veto some provisions in an appropriations bill while approving others. The president does not have the right to exercise a line-item veto and must approve or reject an entire appropriations bill.

Front 12

trustee approach

Back 12

View that an elected rep should act on his or her own best judgement of what public policy requires.

Front 13

delegate model

Back 13

View that elected rep should represent views of his or her constituents

Front 14

legislative veto

Back 14

The rejection of a presidential ar admin-agency action by a vote of one or boht houses of Congress without teh consent of the pres.

Front 15

impeachment

Back 15

Formal accusation against a public official by the lower house of a legislative body.

Front 16

lame duck

Back 16

Politician who is still in office after having lost a reelection bid.