Ch. 12

Front 1

Charles Finney

Back 1

Presbyterian evangelist

Front 2

2nd Great Awakening

Back 2

Time of highly emotional, religious camp meetings

Front 3

Peter Cartwright

Back 3

Methodist preacher

Front 4

Timothy Dwight

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Became pres. of Yale College in 1795and was alarmed by the younger generation's growing acceptance of the belief that Deity was the benevolent master of a rational universe rather than a God

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American Temperance Society

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The society benefited from, and contributed to, a reform sentiment in much of the country promoting the abolition of slavery, expanding women's rights, temperance, and the improvement of society. Possibly because of its association with the abolitionist movement, the society was most successful in northern states.

Front 6

Horace Mann

Back 6

an American education reformer/Arguing that universal public education was the best way to turn the nation's unruly children into disciplined, judicious republican citizens, Mann won widespread approval from modernizers, especially in his Whig Party, for building public schools.

Front 7

Dorothea Dix

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an American activist on behalf of the indigent insane who, through a vigorous program of lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental asylums. During the Civil War, she served as Superintendent of Army Nurses.

Front 8

William Lloyd Garrison

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a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer. He is best known as the editor of the radical abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, and as one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, he promoted "immediate emancipation" of slaves in the United States. Garrison was also a prominent voice for the women's suffrage movement.

Front 9

Fredrick Douglas

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After escaping from slavery, he became a leader of the abolitionist movement, gaining renown for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writing.

Front 10

Neo-Calvinism

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a form of Dutch Calvinism, is the movement initiated by the theologian and former Dutch prime minister Abraham Kuyper.

Front 11

Seneca Falls Convention

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an early and influential women's rights convention held in Seneca Falls, New York, July 19–20, 1848. It was organized by local New York women upon the occasion of a visit by Boston-based Lucretia Mott, a Quaker famous for her speaking ability, a skill rarely cultivated by American women at the time. The local women, primarily members of a radical Quaker group, organized the meeting along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, a skeptical non-Quaker who followed logic more than religion.

Front 12

Brook Farm

Back 12

a utopian experiment in communal living in the United States in the 1840s. Founded as a joint stock company, it promised its participants a portion of the profits from the farm in exchange for performing an equal share of the work. Brook Farmers believed that by sharing the workload, ample time would be available for leisure activities and intellectual pursuits.

Front 13

Lyman Beecher

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a Presbyterian minister, American Temperance Society co-founder and leader, and the father of 13 children/He is credited as a leader of the Second Great Awakening of the United States.

Front 14

Lewis Tappan

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a New York abolitionist who worked to achieve the freedom of the illegally enslaved Africans of the Amistad. Contacted by Connecticut abolitionists soon after the Amistad arrived in port, Tappan focused extensively on the captive Africans. He ensured the acquisition of high quality lawyers for the captives, which led to their being set free after the case went to the United States Supreme Court.

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"Cult of True Womanhood"

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a prevailing view among upper and middle class white women during the nineteenth century, in Great Britain and the United States.

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American Antislavery Association

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According to the ideals of the cult of domesticity, women were supposed to embody perfect virtue in all senses. The women who abided by and promoted these standards were generally literate and lived in the northeast, particularly New York and Massachusetts. Women were put in the center of the domestic sphere and were expected to fulfill the roles of a calm and nurturing mother, a loving and faithful wife, and a passive, delicate, and virtuous creature. These women were also expected to be pious and religious, teaching those around them by their Christian beliefs, and expected to unfailingly inspire and support their husbands.

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Declaration of Sentiments

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a document signed in 1848 by 68 women and 32 men, 100 out of some 300 attendees at the first women's rights convention, in Seneca Falls, New York, now known as the Seneca Falls Convention. The principal author of the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments was Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who based it on the form of the United States Declaration of Independence. According to the North Star, published by Frederick Douglass, whose attendance at the convention and support of the Declaration helped pass the resolutions put forward, the document was the "grand basis for attaining the civil, social, political, and religious rights of women."

Front 18

Liberator

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Written by William Garrison, denounced slavery