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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lyophilization |
Freeze-drying used to preserve food or for long term storage of microbes |
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Disinfectant |
Chemical used to reduce the number of microbes on a nonliving surface |
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Detergent |
A chemical made of sodium and alkali that is good at killing the flu virus and various bacteria like streptococcus |
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Pasteurization |
Using a brief heat step commonly used to reduce the number of pathogens in good and dairy products |
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Autoclave |
A way to sterilize items using stream under pressure |
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Osmotic pressure |
A common method of food preservation that uses high concentrations of salt or sugar to prevent microbial growth |
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Antibiotic |
A chemical naturally made by microbes that is most often used to treat bacterial infections |
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Penicillin |
An antibiotic made by fungus that contains a beta-lactum ring structure |
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Antimetabolite |
An antibiotic that blocks a particular metabolic pathway in bacteria by acting as a molecular mimic or a competitive inhibitor |
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Microflora |
The normal internal and external covering of microbes in the body that can be disrupted by taking antibiotics |
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Superinfection |
Caused by taking long term or high dose antibiotics that wipe out normal microflora and allow other pathogens, like yeast, to cause a secondary disease. |
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Beta-lactamase |
An enzyme produced by some bacteria that allows them to be resistant to the penicillin family of antibiotics |
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Cross-resistance |
An alternate life cycle of microbes where they lack cell walls and are therefore resistant to cell wall inhibitors |
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Synergism |
Using two different antibiotics simultaneously to reduce the chance of bacterial resistance |
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Serum killing power |
Adding bacteria directly too a patients blood sample to see if it has sufficient drug concentration present to kill the bacteria |
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Chemotherapy |
Using a chemical to treat any aspect of a disease |
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L-form |
When bacteria become resistant to more than one antibiotic because they share similar chemical components or modes of action |
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Sterile |
Free from live bacteria or other microorganisms |
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Antiseptic |
applied to living tissue to kill microbes or to inhibit their growth |
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Selective toxicity |
Property of some antimicrobial agent to be toxic for a microorganism and nontoxic for the host |
