Ch. 11 Conflict Between The Sexes

Front 1

sexual conflict

Back 1

a conflict between the evolutionary interests of the individuals of both sexes.

Front 2

Strategic Interference Theory

Back 2

Strategic interference occurs when a person employs a particular strategy to reach a goal and another person blocks the successful enactment of that strategy. The strategies of both sexes interfere with one another.

- The "negative" emotions are psychological solutions that have evolved in part to solve adaptive problems posed by strategic interference.

Front 3

Inferences about Sexual intent

Back 3

Men often infer sexual interest on the part of the woman when it does not exist.

Front 4

sexual conflict

Back 4

a conflict between the evolutionary interests of the individuals of both sexes.

Front 5

Deception about commitment

Back 5

men intentionally deceive women of the level of emotional commitment.

- Causes women to evolve adaptation to detect deception. This is because it is very costly to women to be deceived, and it isn't so for men.

Front 6

Strategic Interference Theory

Back 6

Strategic interference occurs when a person employs a particular strategy to reach a goal and another person blocks the successful enactment of that strategy. The strategies of both sexes interfere with one another.

- The "negative" emotions are psychological solutions that have evolved in part to solve adaptive problems posed by strategic interference.

Front 7

sexual conflict

Back 7

a conflict between the evolutionary interests of the individuals of both sexes.

Front 8

Inferences about Sexual intent

Back 8

Men often infer sexual interest on the part of the woman when it does not exist.

Front 9

Twoa ways of false sexual mind reading

Back 9

- infer a psychological state that is not there
(more costly for women)

-fail to infer psychological state that is there (more costly for men)

Front 10

Deception about commitment

Back 10

men intentionally deceive women of the level of emotional commitment.

- Causes women to evolve adaptation to detect deception. This is because it is very costly to women to be deceived, and it isn't so for men.

Front 11

Strategic Interference Theory

Back 11

Strategic interference occurs when a person employs a particular strategy to reach a goal and another person blocks the successful enactment of that strategy. The strategies of both sexes interfere with one another.

- The "negative" emotions are psychological solutions that have evolved in part to solve adaptive problems posed by strategic interference.

Front 12

Twoa ways of false sexual mind reading

Back 12

- infer a psychological state that is not there
(more costly for women)

-fail to infer psychological state that is there (more costly for men)

Front 13

Inferences about Sexual intent

Back 13

Men often infer sexual interest on the part of the woman when it does not exist.

Front 14

Deception about commitment

Back 14

men intentionally deceive women of the level of emotional commitment.

- Causes women to evolve adaptation to detect deception. This is because it is very costly to women to be deceived, and it isn't so for men.

Front 15

sexual conflict

Back 15

a conflict between the evolutionary interests of the individuals of both sexes.

Front 16

Twoa ways of false sexual mind reading

Back 16

- infer a psychological state that is not there
(more costly for women)

-fail to infer psychological state that is there (more costly for men)

Front 17

Strategic Interference Theory

Back 17

Strategic interference occurs when a person employs a particular strategy to reach a goal and another person blocks the successful enactment of that strategy. The strategies of both sexes interfere with one another.

- The "negative" emotions are psychological solutions that have evolved in part to solve adaptive problems posed by strategic interference.

Front 18

Inferences about Sexual intent

Back 18

Men often infer sexual interest on the part of the woman when it does not exist.

Front 19

Deception about commitment

Back 19

men intentionally deceive women of the level of emotional commitment.

- Causes women to evolve adaptation to detect deception. This is because it is very costly to women to be deceived, and it isn't so for men.

Front 20

Twoa ways of false sexual mind reading

Back 20

- infer a psychological state that is not there
(more costly for women)

-fail to infer psychological state that is there (more costly for men)

Front 21

Evolutionary management theory

Back 21

assymetries in the cost-benefit consequences of mind reading inferences, if they recur over evolutionary time, create selection pressures that produce predictable cognitive biases. Evolved mind reading mechanisms will be biased to produce more of on type of inferential error than the other.

Front 22

commitment skepticism bias

Back 22

women have evolved an inferential bias designed to underestimate men's actual level of romantic commitment to her early in courtship.

Front 23

Why women withhold sex:

Back 23

- perserve their ability to choose men of high quality who are willing to commit emotionally and invest materially
- it increases the value of sex
- manipulate men's perception of a woman's value as a mate
- to encourage a man to evaluate a woman as a permanent rather than temporary mate.

Front 24

sexual harassment

Back 24

unwanted and unsolicited sexual attention from other individuals in the workplace

Front 25

sexual aggressiveness

Back 25

a strategy men use to minimize the costs they incur for sexual access, though it carries other costs such as retaliation and damage to reputation.
- Men are less bothered than women by the opposite sex being sexually aggressive.

Front 26

Rape

Back 26

the use of force or the threat of force to obtain sexual intercourse.

Front 27

Rape as adaptation theory

Back 27

proposes selection has favored ancestral males who raped in certain circumstances.

Front 28

By-product theory of rape

Back 28

proposes that rape is a nondesigned and nonselected for by product of other evolved mechanisms, such as he male desire for sexual variety, a desire for sex without investment, etc.

- evidence for this is lacking

Front 29

Sexual Coercion as part of a life-history strategy of some men

Back 29

hostile masculinity may allow men to avoid feeling sympathy or empathy for the victim that might otherwise inhibit the use of sexual aggression.

Front 30

Mate Deprivation Hypothesis

Back 30

men who have experienced deprivation of sexual access to women will be more likely to use sexually aggressive tactics

- studies do not coincide with this theory

Front 31

Jealousy

Back 31

seen as a negative emotion but it does have function value.

Front 32

Possible functions of jealousy:

Back 32

- sensitize a person to signals of infidelity or defection
- prompt action to curtail interactions with potential rivals.
- motivate actions such as threats or violence to fend off mate poachers.
- increase own effort to fulfill partner's desires.
- signal love and commitment to partner.
- prevent defection from relationship.

Front 33

Men's ultimate function of Jealousy

Back 33

Increase in paternity uncertainty; maintain exclusive sexual access; monoploize entire reproductive value of women.

Front 34

Women's ultimate functions of jealousy

Back 34

-maintain exclusive access to mate's resources, investments: time, attention, energy
- prevent diversion of these to another woman and her children.

Front 35

resource display

Back 35

buying their partner jewelry, giving gifts, taking her out.
- more used by men.

Front 36

Reproductive value of wife: effects on mate retention value

Back 36

The younger and more attractive a man's wife is the more effort he puts into mate retention.

Front 37

Theories of Rape

Back 37

- rape as pathology
- rape as instrument of patriarchy
- rape as byproduct
- rape as adaptation

Front 38

Reproductive value of wife: effects on mate retention value

Back 38

The younger and more attractive a man's wife is the more effort he puts into mate retention.

Front 39

Theories of Rape

Back 39

- rape as pathology
- rape as instrument of patriarchy
- rape as byproduct
- rape as adaptation