Ch. 11

Front 1

Urinary System

Back 1

regulate the composition of the extracellular fluids of the body

Front 2

nitrogenous wastes

Back 2

toxic to the body, electrolyte concentration must remain constant

Front 3

Urinary System includes:

Back 3

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, a bladder, and a urethra

Front 4

ureter

Back 4

merges with the kidney, a slender tube that carries urine to the bladder

Front 5

urinary bladder

Back 5

acts as a temporary reservoir for urine

Front 6

urethra

Back 6

a tube that discharges urine from the bladder

Front 7

micturition

Back 7

urination

Front 8

nephron

Back 8

microscopic structures responsible for maintaining homeostasis by adjusting and regulating the contents of blood plasma

Front 9

nephrons remove

Back 9

nitrogenous wastes, the end products of protein metabolism, excess electrocytes

Front 10

male reproductive system

Back 10

produce, maintain, and transport sperm, the male sex cell is required for fertilization of the female egg

Front 11

testosterone

Back 11

male hormone

Front 12

testes (sing. testis)

Back 12

located in the external sac (scrotum)

Front 13

seminiferous tubules

Back 13

small tubes that twist and coil to produce sperm

Front 14

ejaculatory duct

Back 14

union of the vas deferens with the duct from the seminal vesicle

Front 15

prostate gland

Back 15

ejaculatory duct passes at an angle through this

Front 16

urethra- dual role

Back 16

expels semen and urine from the body

Front 17

cysto-vesico

Back 17

bladder

Front 18

litho

Back 18

stone

Front 19

meato

Back 19

opening

Front 20

nephro- reno

Back 20

kidney

Front 21

andro

Back 21

male

Front 22

orcho, orchio, orchido, testo

Back 22

testis

Front 23

bacteri/uria

Back 23

bacteria in the urine

Front 24

nocto

Back 24

night

Front 25

oligo

Back 25

scanty

Front 26

pyo

Back 26

pus

Front 27

-uria

Back 27

urine

Front 28

retro-

Back 28

backward, behind

Front 29

hematuria

Back 29

blood and protein in the urine

Front 30

calculi

Back 30

stones

Front 31

nephrolithiasis

Back 31

kidney stones

Front 32

extracorpo-real shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

Back 32

calculi are pulverized using concentrated ultrasound waves (shock waves) directed at the stones from a machine outside the body

Front 33

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Back 33

aging process, as the prostate gland enlarges, it decreases the urethral lumen, and complete voiding of urine becomes difficult

Front 34

cystitis

Back 34

bladder infection

Front 35

nephritis

Back 35

kidney infection

Front 36

cryptorchidism

Back 36

failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac prior to birth

Front 37

orchiopexy

Back 37

surgical suspension of the testes

Front 38

bilateral orchiectomy

Back 38

surgical removal of the testes

Front 39

dysuria

Back 39

painful or difficult urination, commonly described as "burning sensation" while urinating

Front 40

enuresis

Back 40

involuntary discharge of urine also called incontinence

Front 41

hesitancy

Back 41

involuntary delay in initiating urination

Front 42

oliguria

Back 42

diminished capacity to form and pass urine, resulting in inefficient excretion of the end products of metabolism

Front 43

Wilms tumor

Back 43

rapidly developing malignant neoplasm of the kidney that usually occurs in children

Front 44

prostate- specific antigen (PSA)

Back 44

blood test used to detect prostatic disorders, especially prostatic cancer

Front 45

cystometrography

Back 45

procedure that assesses volume and pressure in the bladder at various stages of filling using saline and a contrast medium introduced into the bladder through a catheter

Front 46

androgens

Back 46

increase testosterone levels, treat delayed puberty in males