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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Public Opinion
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the collective attitudes and beliefs of individuals on one or more issues
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Public Opinion Polls
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scientific efforts to estimate what an entire group thinks about an issue by asking a smaller sample of the group for its opinion
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Sample
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the portion of the population that is selected to participate in a poll
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Sample Bias
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the effect of having a sample that does not represent all segments of the population
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Straw Polls
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polls that attempt to determine who is ahead in a political race
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Sampling Error
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a number that indicates within what range the results of a poll are accurate
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Random Samples
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Samples chosen in such a way that any member of the population being polled has an equal chance of being selected
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Benchmark Poll
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initial poll on a candidate and issues on which campaign strategy is based and against which later polls are compared
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Tracking Polls
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ongoing series of surveys that follow changes in public opinion over time
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Exit Polls
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election-related question asked of voters right after they vote
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Push Polls
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polls that ask for reactions to hypothetical, often false, information in order to manipulate public opinion
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Political Socialization
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the process by which we learn our political orientation and allegiances
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Spiral of Silence
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he process by which a majority opinion becomes exaggerated because minorities do not feel comfortable speaking out in opposition
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Political Generations
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groups of citizens whose political views have been shaped by the common events of their youth
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Gender Gap
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the tendency of men and women to differ in their political views on some issues
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Marriage Gap
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the tendency for married people to hold political opinions that differ from those of people who have never been married
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Rational Ignorance
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the state of being uninformed about politics because of the cost in time and energy
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On-line Processing
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the ability to receive and evaluate information as events happen, allowing us to remember our evaluation even if we have forgotten the specific events that caused it
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Two-step Flow of Information
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the process by which citizens take their political cues from more well-informed opinion leaders
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Opinion Leaders
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people who know more about certain topics than we do and whose advice we trust, seek out, and follow
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