Ch. 11

Front 1

Ruling Party

Back 1

-typically monopolizes state power and bans or effectively controls other parties.
-also known as power-monopolizing parties.
-Example: Saadam Hussein's Baath Party.
-exist in authoritarian regimes.

Front 2

Particularistic parties

Back 2

-parties that confine their appeal to a particular segment of the population.
-defined by their social class, religious base, promotion of interest of minorities, or a specific issue.
-because of their specific views and interests, sometimes these parties are in conflict with democracy.

Front 3

Catch-all parties

Back 3

-parties that seek to widen their base of popular support as much as possible.
-primary aim is to win elections and take over the government by drawing a diverse crowd of votes.
-promote moderation and compromise across social classes.

Front 4

Interest Aggregation

Back 4

-the process by which political parties gather together the various interests, priorities, and opinions of their leaders and constituents and shape them into common goals and policy proposals.
-the more complex this is to accomplish, the more difficult it will be for the party to speak clearly to the voters.
-the first step of the responsible party government model.

Front 5

Party System

Back 5

-the number of parties within a country, their ideological orientations, and various other general patterns.
-can be categorized by predominant-party systems, a two-party system, few party systems, and multiparty systems.

Front 6

Centripetal party system

Back 6

-favors the moderate, centrist parties rather than the extremist ones.
-parties and the majority of the electorate lean toward the center, making consensus possible.
-US, Britain, and Germany

Front 7

centrifrugal party system

Back 7

-the leading parties and large numbers of voters tend toward the extremes of right or left.
-deserts democracy
-Weimar Republic

Front 8

interest groups

Back 8

-organizations that speak up for the interests and demands of particular groups of people, often with the aim of influencing the state to do something in their behalf.
-promote freedom of speech, mass participation, give citizens an increased say

Front 9

interest articulation

Back 9

-when interest groups articulate the interests, demands, and desires of various groups in society.

Front 10

corporatism

Back 10

-a system of formal interest-group participation in the state's decision-making process.
-leading reps in society (business and labor) should meet directly with gov officials to work out the countrys principles and social welfare policies.

Front 11

Social movements

Back 11

-consist of segments of the population who engage in significant collective action because they believe that neither the state nor the established political parties or interest groups have adequately addressed their concerns.
-social movements have formed when people are dissatisfied with the status quo, for example could be women, gays, etc.

Front 12

patron-client relationships or clientism

Back 12

-a political organization that dispenses benefits or favors to people in exchange for their votes or other forms of support.
-operate on a smaller, more personalized scale.

Front 13

dissidence

Back 13

-antigovernment behavior that falls short of actually toppling the regime.
-could range from the distribution of leaflets and/or peaceful activities to overt acts of terrorism.
-Gandhi is an example, as he courageously took up the cause of human freedom and dignity.

Front 14

revolution

Back 14

-usually means the overthrow of one system of gov and its replacement by a different system.
-successful revolutions are rare, needs individual, but also the support of the masses.
-caused by psychological and social and political conditions.