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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social Stratification |
A social hierarchy resulting from the relatively permanent unequal distribution of goods and services in a society |
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Functionalism (functionalist perspective) |
The anthropological theory that specific cultural institutions function to support the structure of a society or serve the needs of its people. |
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Conflict theory |
A perspective on social stratification that focuses on economic inequality as a source of conflict and change |
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Wealth |
The accumulation of material resources or access to the means of producing these resources |
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Class |
A category of people who all have about the same opportunity to obtain economic resources, power, and prestige and who are ranked relative to other categories |
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Class system |
A form of social stratification in which the different strata form a continuum and social mobility is possible |
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Social mobility |
Movement from one social strata to another |
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Life chances |
The opportunities that people have to fulfill their potential in society |
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Assimilation |
A process through which immigrants were expected to abandon their distinctive cultures in favor of an American identity |
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Political organization |
The pattern ways in which power is used in a society |
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Egalitarian society |
A society in which no individual or group has more privileged access to resources than any other |
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Rank Society |
A society characterized by institutionalized differences in Prestige but no important restrictions on access to resources |
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Stratified Society |
A society characterized by formal, permanent social and economic equality in which some people are denied access to basic resources |
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Power |
The ability to compel other individuals to do things that they would not choose to do of their own Accord |
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Authority |
The ability to cause others to act based on characteristics such as honor, status, knowledge, ability, respect, or the holding of formal public office |
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Political ideology |
The shared beliefs and values that legitimize the distribution and use of power in a particular society |
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Hegemony |
The dominance of a political Elite based on a closed identification between their own goals and those of the larger society |
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Leadership |
The ability to direct an Enterprise or action |
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Rebellion |
The attempt of a group within Society to force a redistribution of resources and Power |
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Revolution |
An attempt to overthrow an existing form of political organization and put another type of political structure in its place |
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Law |
A means of social control in dispute management through the systematic application of force by a political constituted Authority |
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Band |
A small group of people related by blood or marriage who live together and are loosely associated with a territory in which they forage |
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Tribes |
A culturally distinct population whose members consider themselves descended from the same ancestor |
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Bigman |
A self-made leader who gained power through Personal Achievement rather than through political office |
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Mediation |
A form of managing disputes that uses the office of a third party to achieve voluntary agreement between the disputing parties |
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Chiefdom |
A society with social ranking in which political integration is achieved through an office of centralized leadership called the chief |
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State |
A hierarchical, centralized form of political organization in which a central government has a legal Monopoly over the use of force |
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Government |
An interrelated set of status for roles that becomes separate from the other aspects of social organization such as getting shipped in exercising control over population |
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Sumptuary laws |
Laws limiting the consumption of certain Goods to particular classes of people |
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Nation state |
A sovereign, geographical based state that identifies itself as having a distinctive National culture and historical experience |
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Ethnicity |
Receive differences in culture, national origin, and historical experience by which groups of people are distinguished from others in the same social government |
