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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The internal parts of the Female Reproductive System are
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ovaries
fallopian tubes/oviducts/uterine tubes fimbriae uterus vagina |
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ovaries
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produce the ovum (egg)
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fallopian tubes/oviducts/uterine tubes
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carry the ovum (egg) from the ovary to the uterus
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fimbriae
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finger-like extensions that catch the ovum when it leaves the ovary, and pulls the ovum into the fallopian tube.
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uterus
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holds and nourishes the embryo from the time the fertilized egg is implanted until the fetus is born
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The normal position of the uterus is
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bent forward (anteflexion).
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Parts of the uterus are (3)
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fundus - upper, rounded part
body - central part cervix - lower part that opens into the vagina |
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The three layers of tissue of the uterus are
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perimetrium - outer layer
myometrium - middle layer endometrium - inner layer |
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vagina
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muscular tube that goes from the cervix to the outside of the body
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The external parts (vulva) of the Female Reproductive System are (4)
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labia majora
labia minora clitoris Bartholin's glands |
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Fraternal twins results from
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fertilization of separate eggs by separate sperm
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Identical twins result from
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fertilization of a separate ovum by a single sperm, and the fertilized ovum divides into two parts.
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Conception
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beginning of a new individual (zygote) that results from fertilization
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Embryo
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the individual from time of conception, and up to the third month of pregnancy
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Fetus
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the individual from the third month of pregnanacy to the time of birth
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Duration of pregnancy is calculated from
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first day of the LMP (last menstrual period).
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Placenta (afterbirth)-
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allows the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the mother and the baby
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The three stages of labor are
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first stage - contractions of the uterus and dilation of the cervix (10 cm is complete dilation)
second stage - delivery of the infant; amniotic sac (bag of waters which protects the fetus) ruptures third stage - delivery of the placenta |
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Postpartum
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(after childbirth):
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Neonate
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term for the newborn during the first 4 weeks after birth
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Meconium
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the first stools of a newborn
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Puerperium
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three to six weeks after chldbirth; until the uterus returns to its normal size
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Menopause
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the official ending of the menstrual periods
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dysmenorrhea
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painful menstrual flow
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metrorrhagia
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bleeding at other times, other than during the period
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menorrhagia
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heavy bleeding during the period
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Ectopic pregnancy
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the fertilized egg is implanted outside of the uterus
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tubal pregnancy
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an ectopic pregnancy occuring within the fallopian tube
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Spontaneous abortion
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miscarriage
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Preeclampsia (toxemia
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hypertension; edema (swelling); proteinuria (abnormally high amount of protein in the urine)
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Eclampsia
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more serious form of preeclampsia; convulsions; coma
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Crowning
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baby's head can be seen at vaginal opening
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Breech presentation
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instead of the fetus presenting head first, the fetus presents feet or buttocks first
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Premature infant
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baby born before the 37th week of gestation
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Stillbirth
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birth of a fetus that died before or during delivery
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Endometriosis
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pieces of the endometrium break off and attach to other structures
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PID
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Pelvic inflammatory disease - reproductive organs are inflammed
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atresia
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without opening
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dyspareunia
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pain during intercourse
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infertility
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unable to bear children
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menarche
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beginning of menses
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perineum
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area between vulva and anus
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abruptio placentae
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placenta becomes separated
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parturition
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childbirth
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pelvimetry
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measurement of Mom's pelvis, to make sure there is enough room for the baby
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placenta previa
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placenta is placed wrong
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Pap smear
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diagnostic test for cervical cancer
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amniocentesis
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puncture the amniotic sac to remove fluid (diagnostic purposes)
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cesarean section
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surgery to abdominal area, to remove baby
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D&C
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dilate cervix and scrape uterus
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episiotomy
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incision to allow more room for the baby
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episorrhaphy
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suture of the episiotomy
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intrauterine devices
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device put in the uterus, to prevent pregnancy
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tubal ligation
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tie the tubes, to prevent pregnancy
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contraceptives
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medication to prevent pregnancy
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oxytocins
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medication to induce labor - start uterine contractions
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D&C
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dilation and curettage
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GYN
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gynecology
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IUD
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intrauterine device
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LMP
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last menstrual period
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PID
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pelvic inflammatory disease
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PMS
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premenstrual syndrome
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C-section
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cesarean section
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NB
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newborn
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OB
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obstetrics, pregnancy
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Electronic fetal monitor
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monitor that allows observation of the fetal heart rate and the mother's uterine contractions during labor.
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Laceration
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jagged tear of the tissue - what episiotomy prevents
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Apgar score
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evalution of a newborn's physical status. Five areas are evaluated: heart rate, respirations, skin color, response to stimuli, muscle tone. A 2, 1, or 0 is assigned to each of the five areas evaluated; 2 is best; 0 is worst. For example, for the color of the skin: 2 indicates pink; 1 indicates pink with blue (lack of oxygen) near the nails; 0 indicates mostly blue. These scores are added up; 10 is perfect. An evaluation takes place 1 minute after birth and 5 minutes after birth. So if you see 9/10, that means the baby had an Apgar of 9 at one minute and a 10 at five minutes; rarely will you see 10 at one minute.
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G
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gravida - pregnancy
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P
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para - to bear
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AB
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abortion - miscarriage
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G III, P II, AB I
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pregnancies, bore two, one abortion (if the para + abortion equals the number of pregnancies, the woman is NOT pregnant)
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G IV, PIII, AB 0
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4 pregnancies, bore three, no abortions (if the para + abortion does not equal the number of pregnancies, the woman IS pregnant)
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G I, P V, AB 0
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woman had 1 pregnancy and bore five (quintuplets).
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G IV, P IV 3,1,0,4
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bore 4 children, 3 TERM, 1 PREMATURE, 0 ABORTION, 4 LIVING CHILDREN
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scrotum
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supports the testes
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perineum
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area between the scrotum and the anus
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testes
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produce sperm
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seminiferous tubules
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within the testes) - produce sperm
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epididymis
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carries sperm to vas deferens
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vas deferens
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carries sperm toward the urethra
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seminal vesicles
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secrete a thick substance that nourishes the sperm cells and forms much of the volume of semen
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prostate gland
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helps the movement of the sperm
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glans penis
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tip of the penis
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prepuce/foreskin
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covers and protects the penis
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BPH
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(benign prostatic hypertrophy) - enlarged prostate
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cryptorchidism
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testes do not descend into the scrotom - male babies
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PSA
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prostate specific antigent) - blood test to detect prostate cancer
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hydrocele
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accumulation of fluid, especially in the scrotum
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hypospadis
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the opening of the urethra is on the underneath side of the penis
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phimosis
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narrowing of the foreskin opening
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circumcision
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removal of part of the foreskin
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resection, transurethral
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surgery for BPH, TUR = transurethral resection, TURP = transurethral resection of prostate
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vasectomy
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sterilization process for males
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