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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mind-
Type 1? |
Intelligence
1.Reasoning 2.Planing 3.Solving Problems 4.Thinking abstractly 5.Comprehending lang. 6.Learning |
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Mind-Type 2?
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Consciousness
1.Subjectivity 2.Self-awareness 3.Sentience -think/say things 4.Sapience |
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Coma
define. how many in US? symptoms? causes? |
profound state of uncon.
10,000 to 15,000 in US not awakened no response to pain or light no sleep-wake cycle no voluntary action causes -a cute brain injuries (automobile accidents-most frequent) -chemicals=intoxication -metabolic abnormalities -induced by barbiturate=drugs |
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Levels of unconsciousness-
1st state. symptoms? |
persistent vegetative state
uncon., unawareness unresponsiveness -to external stimuli,but pain eyes open sleep-walk cycle or chronic wakefulness |
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Levels of uncons.-
2nd state. symptoms? |
Minimally Con. State
exhibits deliberate but inconsistant responsiveness |
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...
3rd state. symptoms? |
Locked-in State
apparent awareness inability to communicate |
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Traumatic Brain Injury-
what kind of injury? what occurs? |
decelerating injury
brain swelling lack of oxygen-hypoxia brain tissue damage -cell death destruc. of cerebral cortex -coma |
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Human Brain Complexity-
2 parts? how many in the first part? how many what per what? how many in 3yr old? how many in adult? |
Nuerons
-100 billion Synapses -7,000 synaptic connections per neuron -10 quadrillion in 3 yr old -1 to 5 quadrillion in adult |
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Brain Energy Demand-
describe brain anatomy. Energy consumption-adult/inf? |
1 to 1.5 kg
2% of body wt av. volume=1.6 L Adult=20%-25% Infant=60% |
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Nuerons-
name associated w. nuerons? what are neurons? what do they form? the two famous men?time? what? |
Nueron doctrine
Neurons are distinct cells Forming an intercnted network Santiago Ramon y Cajal 1854-1934 Nuerons as cells |
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Nueron Struc-
6 parts? decribe. |
Soma
-cell body Dendrites -conduct signals inward Axon -conduct signals inward Schwann cells -prod. myelin Myelin Sheath -insulation Nodes of Ranvier -amplification/incr signal |
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Membrane Potentials-
What are the main components? what occurs? what potential? |
electrolytes (ions)
ions distribn across cell memb resting potential -excess negative ions *inside the cell -negative (-70 milli volts) |
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Action Potentials-
define. what trigger what? what exchange what? |
Brief electrical charge
Propagate along memb of cell Nerve stimuli trigger the opening of ion channels ion exchange alters memb potential |
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Synapse-
what occurs? what is involved? explain communication. |
electrical signals->chemical
action potentials neurotransmitters neurons w/ -neurons -muscles (neuromuscular junc) -glands |
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nuerotransmitters-
what are they? what do they do? btwn what? specifically what? where? rapidly removed by? |
chemicals
relay, amplify, and modulate signals btwn a neuron and another cell(nueron/other types of cells) synthesize in the presynaptic neurons reuptake degradation |
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Moon Jelly Fish-
Behavior? What kind of system? describe. what kind of movement? Describe its nervous system. |
Capture small preys
Sensory System -Light sensitive receptors Locomotion -Muscle Neurons forming a nerve netwk no brain |
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Land Flatworms-
Behavior? System? describe. |
Predatory
Search for Preys Sensory system -eye spts *for light detection -chemo-receptors *for smell Peripheral neurons primitive brain -nerve ganglion |
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Mud Wasps-
Behavior? system?describe. nervous system? |
Nest building-programmed
incapable of learning Sensory System *visual *olfactory small brain lmted # of neurons |
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Honey Bees-
behavior? when collect pollen? nervous sys? additional what? what type of connection? evidence of what? |
Eusocial
Communication Pollen collection -last 2wks of life Learning Brain development Additional 160,000 neurons New Synaptic connections Evidence of learning |
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Meerkats-
Behavior? group/#? communication? nervous system? |
social group
-40 individuals -cooperative parental care -alerting each other of dangers -intelligent large brain for body size |
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Chimpanzees-
Behavior? Nervous System? Mind? |
Highly social
-100 individuals -communication -learning -tool use identical brain anatomy to humans intelligence consciousness cooperation |
