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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define memory |
memory is selective capacity to retain and retrieve infrmation |
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function of memory |
stores memory and enables us to retreieve it |
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discuss reconstructive nature of memory |
may reproduce simple inofrmation but when we remember complex information, it is altered so we make sense of it better |
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flashbulb memories? how accurate |
not always that accurate. flashbub refers to traumatic events. flashes of previous |
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what is source amnesia? |
forget what the original memory was |
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confabulation is |
a confusing event where you thought it happened to you but didnt |
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example of confabulation. |
john talking about turkey. what happened at turkey but what didnt actualyl happen cuz you werent there |
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the conditions of confabulation in which its most likely to occur? |
you have thought of it many times contains lots of details easy to imagine focused on emotional reaction that what actually happened
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reliability of eyewitness testimony |
can be of use but there are terms such as presupposition which can actualy alter the one the person views |
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what are factors that can alter the accuracy of eyewtiness recollections |
misleading questions, presuppostions.verb is changed from collided, bumped, contat.
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how accurate is a childs testimony |
same as adult
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methods of memorizing? |
encode recall- to retreieve recall- multiple choice |
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implicit vs explicit memory? |
explicit conscious recollection of events. implicit memory- memory that we dont not consciously remember. |
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examples of explicit implicit |
explicit- learnig this implicit- learning something through PRIMING throwing words at you first to see if yo ucan get those words whe u say those words again |
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priming? |
tap into unconscious then retest
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what are the methods of implicit memory |
priming- exposing something first then retest relearning method- if they do not realizing theyre relearning it |
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models of memory |
encode- store retrieve- short term and long term |
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short term memory |
lasts up to 30 seconds |
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long term |
few min to decades |
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when information is stored how is it organized |
through concepts, cognitive schemas, propositions images |
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working memory located in |
short term memory |
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parallel distributing process of memory |
works like neurons of the brain where all at interconnected |
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role of sensory memory |
visual for half a second auditory for 2 seconds provides highly detailed information for a bit until we perceive it |
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pattern recognitiion |
transfer of energy from sensory memory to short term meory |
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process and limitation short term memory |
no longer sensory image but not an encoding of one ( storage) retains info up to 30 seconds groups in chunks little bits of big informations |
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long term memory |
groups information by semantic grouping or sound, or look chair- under furniture |
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tip to tongue |
cannot express the word why? incorrect guesse often have same syllables and sound so say word that is similar |
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procedural memories are |
knowing how to do something- motor function |
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declarative memory- |
knowing a fact- usually explicit- ottawa capital of canada |
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episodic memory |
internal representation of a personal memory of how they view |
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example of episodic memory |
this cat scratched me so hate this cat
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difference in semantic memoery and episodic? |
semantic memory - internal represetnation of a word in general context- stating a fact episodic is personal experience |
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serial posotion effect is |
if you given a listen to recall youll remember the first part more (long term) middle part least last part most(short term) |
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explain how neurons fire when you store long term memory |
hippocampus sends signal that increases strength of synapses this phenomon is called long term potetntiation |
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what is it called when hippocampus strentehens synpase for long term memeory |
long term potetntiation |
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desribe the consolidation stage of memory |
the memories are being stabilized. can be disrpted from trauama |
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which part of brain responsible for encoding pictures and wrods |
prefrontal cortex |
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what plays role in memory |
hippocampus |
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summarize the current findings of brain areas involved in memory |
ultimate |
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ultimate destinition for memory is |
cerebral cortex |
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effects of hormone on memory |
optimal levels of epinephrine will cause enhaced memory. too much will interfere wil it. |
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effortful encoding |
trying to find thesis of sentence etc |
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ways for effortful encoding |
neumonics and rehearsal |
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basis of rehearsal |
keep information in shortterm and increases chances it is in long term is rehreasal people favor speech
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types of rehearsal? |
maintenance rehearsal- just remembering definition elaborative rehearsal- adding from different features deep processing |
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what is deep processing |
hypothalamus- shallow hypothalamus is beneath this more deep processed.
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ways of rememebering? |
structural. just rememerbing the words elaborative rehearsal- using a way to elaborate- hpothalamus also does this deep processing. hypothaalmus beaneath the thalamus mneumonics
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why do we forget? |
adaptive theory- to remember more we must forget contributes to survival makes us happy |
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theories of forgetting
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D i c r r
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Theories of forgetting |
Decay interferece cue dependent repression replacement
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decay theory |
people wil forgget if they dont use |
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interference |
one thing that blocks another from retrieval
lucy and lady- calls her lady |
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difference in retoactive interference vs proactive |
retroactive- present causes hard to retreieve past proacice past hard to retrieve present |
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cue dependent |
people need some sort of cue for retrieval knowing the first person's name or what movie theyre from
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replacement |
memory is replaced by other memories for more storage |
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repression |
people may want to forget their memory may acutally try to forget vs inability
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what are different retrieval cues |
what we learned during - retrival aid state of mind- happy right now think about something happy drunk right now, think of something u did drunk (state dependent memory) |
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repression controversy |
involuntary pushing of threatning information to unconscious - freud psychogenic amnesia- frogetting because its emabarassing. reluctants to think about experience is different from inability
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childhood amnesia describe biological and cognitive approach |
people will not rememebr their first step. bioloigical psychologist believes brain does not work properly for formation of storage until a couple months cognitive psychologist child does not have mental image of himherself child cannot retrieve information as not enough encoding present child focuses on routine childrens way of htinking doesnt work tl lanauge develops |
