Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Vascular Response
|
-the blood vessels around the injured area constrict briefly
-dilate as chemical mediators -blood flow to the injured area increases=redness and warmth -raises hydrostatic pessure (capilarry pressure) -result: edema at the site and dilution of the organisms or toxins |
|
|
Cellular Response
|
WBCs move into the area as blood flow increases to the injured tissues
-neutophils and macrophages ingest harmful bacteria and dead tissue cells (phagocytosis) -neutrophils arrive within 90 mins -^move from inside the capillary to the injured tissue: diapedesis |
|
|
Healing and tissue repair
|
-macrophages clean up site for healing
-new cells are reproduced to replace the functional tissue -if regeneration is impossible, collagen scar replaces the destroyed tissue |
|
|
Inflammatory Changes in the Older Adults
|
-thinner, drier, and more fragile
-decreased blood flow |
|
|
Acute inflammation
|
-short-term reactions
-last for 1-2 weeks |
|
|
systematic manisfestation
|
fever, tachycardia, increased respiratory rate, loss of appetite, fatigue, enlarged lymph nods, WBC count > 10,000/ mm3
|
|
|
management of acute inflammation
|
-wound care
-encourage rest -eat a well-balanced diet, high in carbohydrates and protein with vitamins supplements and extra fluids -receive anti-inflammatory medications, antibiotics, corticosteroids -apply cold or heat theraphy -elevate inflamed area -A, C, E - antioxidants- get rid of your free radicals -zinc helps tissue healing |
|
|
Diagnostic Tests
|
-WBC count with differential
-Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (generalized inflammation) -c-reactive protein (CRP): active inflammation and tissue necrosis (quicker)-->rheumatic heart disease, IHDS,generative joint disease, etc. -cultures of wound, blood, or other infected body fluids: determine the cause of the inflammation; collect sputum, urine, feces, etc -sensitivity studies -Lumbar puncture (prawn aka fetal position) -ultrasound examination |
|
|
WBC
|
-4500-10,000 per mm^3
-leukocytosis: acute infection, tissue necrosis, trauma, stress -leukopenia: anemia, viral infections, autoimmune disease, HIV, cancer |
|
|
neutrophils
|
-55-70%
-neutrophilia: acute infection, inflammatory diseases -neutropenia |
|
|
Eosinophils
|
1-3%
allergies, parasitic dieases, |
|
|
Pathogenic Organisms
|
bacteria, mycoplasma
|
|
|
intial stage
|
incubation period; bacteria grows
|
|
|
prodromal stage
|
symptom stage
|
|
|
acute stage
|
pathogen reproduction and increasing manifestation
|
|
|
convaslescent stage
|
pathogen destruction and tissue repair
|
|
|
resolution
|
healing of infection
|
|
|
Antibiotic Resistant microorganisms
|
-MRSA: vancomycin
-VRE -PRSP: -CDAD: vancomycin + flagyl |
