Ch. 10 & 22 Vocab. In Intro To Radiography

Front 1

Assimilation

Back 1

process by which people of diverse backgrounds slowly give up their original cultural language and identity and melt into another, usually larger group

Front 2

Bias

Back 2

prejudice; thinking negatively of others without any or significant justification; generally a combination of stereotyped beliefs and negative attitudes

Front 3

Biculturalism

Back 3

being able to negotiate two or more different cultures competently, individual and mainstream

Front 4

Culture

Back 4

all of the socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thoughts by a particular class, community, or population

Front 5

Cultural

Back 5

of or relating to culture

Front 6

Discrimination

Back 6

physical actions involved in the unequal treatment of people because they belong to a certain category, group, or race

Front 7

Diverse

Back 7

differing from one another; made up of distinct characteristics, qualities, or elements

Front 8

Diversity

Back 8

fact or quality of being diverse, different (all of the ways that human beings are both similar and different)

Front 9

Ethnic

Back 9

designating any of the basic groups or divisions of humankind or of a heterogeneous population, as distinguished by customs, characteristics, language, and common history; national origin

Front 10

Ethnicity

Back 10

ethnic affiliation or classification

Front 11

Ethnocentrism

Back 11

tendency toward viewing the norms and values of the individual's own culture as absolute and using them as a standard against which all other cultures are measured

Front 12

Gender

Back 12

chromosomal designation of female or male being

Front 13

Homophobia

Back 13

irrational fear of and hostility toward homosexuality

Front 14

Mental and Physical Ability

Back 14

capacity to perform cognitive and psychomotor tasks with average ability

Front 15

Race

Back 15

population that differs from others in the relative frequency of some gene or genes; any of the different varieties humankind, distinguished by type of hair, color of eyes and skin, stature, bodily proportions, or other characteristics

Front 16

Racism

Back 16

belief in racial superiority, leading to discrimination and prejudice toward races considered inferior

Front 17

Autonomy

Back 17

person's self-reliance, independence, liberty, rights, privacy, individual choice, freedom of the will, and the self-contained ability to decide

Front 18

Beneficence

Back 18

doing of good; active promotion of good, kindness, and charity

Front 19

Caring

Back 19

to care for; an emotional commitment to and a willingness to act on behalf of a person with whom a caring relationship exists

Front 20

Codes of Ethics

Back 20

articulated statement of role morality as seen by members of a profession

Front 21

Common Morality

Back 21

socially approved norms of human conduct that takes its basic premises from the morality shared in common by the members of a society; includes common sense and tradition

Front 22

Confidentiality

Back 22

belief that health-related information about individual patients should not be revealed to others; maintaining privacy

Front 23

Consequentialism

Back 23

belief that the worth of actions is determined by their ends or consequences; actions are right or wrong according to the balance of their good and bad consequences

Front 24

Duties

Back 24

obligations placed on individuals, groups, and institutions by reason of the so-called moral bond of our interdependence with others

Front 25

Ethical Dilemma

Back 25

situation requiring moral judgment between two or more equally problem-fraught alternatives; two or more competing moral norms are present, creating a challenge about what to do

Front 26

Ethical Outrage

Back 26

gross violation of commonly held standards of decency or human rights

Front 27

Ethical Theories

Back 27

bodies of systematically related moral principles used to resolve ethical dilemmas

Front 28

Ethics

Back 28

systematic study of rightness and wrongness of human conduct and character as known by natural reason

Front 29

Ethics of Care

Back 29

ethical reflections that emphasize an intimate personal relationship value system that includes such virtues as sympathy, compassion, fidelity, discernment, and love

Front 30

Fidelity

Back 30

strict observance of promises or duties; loyalty and faithfulness to others

Front 31

Justice

Back 31

equitable, fair, or just conduct in dealing with others

Front 32

Laws

Back 32

regulations established by government and applicable to people within a certain political subdivision

Front 33

Legal Rights

Back 33

rights of individuals or groups that are established and guaranteed by law

Front 34

Liberal Individualism

Back 34

basis for rights-based ethical theory; each individual is protected and allowed to pursue personal projects

Front 35

Moral Principles

Back 35

general, universal guides to action that are derived from so-called basic moral truths that should be respected unless a morally compelling reason exists not to do so; aka: ethical principles

Front 36

Moral Rights

Back 36

rights of individuals or groups that exist separately from governmental or institutional guarantees; usually asserted based on moral principles or rules

Front 37

Moral Rules

Back 37

statements of right conduct governing individual actions

Front 38

Moral Virtue

Back 38

trait of character that is morally valued; a disposition to act--or a habit of acting--in accordance with moral principles, obligations, or ideals

Front 39

Morality

Back 39

widely shared social conventions about right and wrong human conduct, including a conformity to the rules of right conduct

Front 40

Morals

Back 40

generally accepted customs, principles, or habits of right living and conduct in a society and the individual's practice in relation to these

Front 41

Nonconsequentialism

Back 41

belief that actions themselves, rather than consequences, determine the worth of actions; actions are right or wrong according to the morality of the acts themselves

Front 42

Nonmaleficence

Back 42

ethical principle that places high value on avoiding harm to others

Front 43

Norm

Back 43

standard set by individuals or groups of individuals

Front 44

Principle-Based Ethics

Back 44

use of moral principles as a basis for defending a chosen path of action in resolving an ethical dilemma

Front 45

Principlism

Back 45

belief system based on a set of moral principles that are embedded in a common morality

Front 46

Professional Ethic

Back 46

publicly displayed ethical conduct of a profession, usually embedded in a code of ethics; affirms the professional as an independent, autonomous, responsible decision maker

Front 47

Professional Ethics

Back 47

internal controls of a profession based on human values or moral principles

Front 48

Professional Etiquette

Back 48

manners and attitudes generally accepted by members of a profession

Front 49

Rights

Back 49

justified claims that an individual can make on individuals, groups, or society; divided into legal rights and moral rights

Front 50

Rights-Based Ethics

Back 50

belief that individual rights provide the vital protection of life, liberty, expression, and property

Front 51

Social Contract

Back 51

relationship that exists when two mutually dependent groups in a society recognize certain expectations of one another and conduct their affairs accordingly

Front 52

Standards of Professional Conduct

Back 52

practice behaviors that are defined by members of a profession

Front 53

Values

Back 53

ideals and customs of a society toward which the members of a group have an affective regard; a value may be a quality desirable as an end in itself

Front 54

Value System

Back 54

collection or set of values that an individual or group have as each person's personal guide

Front 55

Veracity

Back 55

duty to tell the truth and avoid deception

Front 56

Virtue

Back 56

trait of character that is socially valued, such as courage

Front 57

Virtue-Based Ethics

Back 57

ethical theory that emphasizes the agents who perform actions and make choices; character and virtue form the framework of this ethical theory