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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a referral?
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A basic request for OT services. AKA: order or consultation.
Content can range from the highly specific (a resting hand splint) to the very general (eval for developmental delay) |
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Where can a referral come from?
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The individual
Family Caregivers Physicians Social workers PTs Nurse Practitioners Teachers Administrators Insurance companies Employers State and local/public/private agencies |
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What is the purpose of a screening? What type of information does it provide?
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To determine the need for an evaluation. It provides a preliminary understanding of an individual's needs, limitations, assets, and resources.
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What are types of screening tools?
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Chart/Medical record review
Checklists Structured Observations Brief interviews with individual, family, or caregivers |
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What are (6) considerations in determining an appropriate assessment for an evaluation?
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1. Patient's baseline functional, concerns, and needs
2. Environmental context where eval is performed: Length of stay, focus of setting, legislative guidelines & restrictions, facility's space/equipment/supplies 3. Patient'c current/expected environmental context: sociocultural & physical environments 4. Temporal context of patient & disability: Age, duration of disability, exacerbation of condition, stage of illness 5. Eval tool's compatibility with frame of reference in treatment approach 6. Ethical concerns/conflicts [table 1-1, pg 3) (pg 2) |
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What is standardization?
(when referring to assessments) |
Indicates an assessment is uniform and well established. Content, administration, and scoring are always the same.
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What are characteristics of a standardized instrument?
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1. Description of its purpose
2. An administration and scoring protocol. 3. Extablished norms and validity. |
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What is normative data and why is it used?
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Information based on age, gender and diagnostic groupings use for comparitive analysis of an individuals score. (ex: a 50 yr old cannot be compared to a 10 yr old)
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What is face validity?
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Face validity is a simple form of validity in which researchers determine if the test seems to measure what is intended to measure.
Ex: Face value, it looks like it works. |
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What is content validity?
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When the content of an evaluation represents the content that to be measured.
Ex: To measure visual spatial ability, I need to choose an assessment that measure visual spatial ability. |
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What is criterion validity? What are types of criterion validity?
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Criterion validity compares an assessment tool to another with established validity.
1. Concurrent validity:comparesthe results of two instruments given at about the same time. 2. Predictive Validity compares the degree to which an instrument can predict performance on future criterion. |
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What is inter-rater reliability?
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(or inter-observer) Establishes that different raters using the same tool will achieve the same results.
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What is test-retest reliability?
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Establishes that the same results will be obtained when the evaluation is administrated twice by the same administrator?
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How are reliability and criterion validity scored?
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Crierion validity is reported as a correlation; the higher the better. Reliability is scored either as a correlation or a percentage to identify the degree to which the two items agree/relate.
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Review page 6&7
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Focus on assessment tools and interview guidelines.
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What is standardization?
(when referring to assessments) |
Indicates an assessment is uniform and well established. Content, administration, and scoring are always the same.
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What are characteristics of a standardized instrument?
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1. Description of its purpose
2. An administration and scoring protocol. 3. Extablished norms and validity. |
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What is normative data and why is it used?
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Information based on age, gender and diagnostic groupings use for comparitive analysis of an individuals score. (ex: a 50 yr old cannot be compared to a 10 yr old)
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How should you answer personal questions from an interviewee?
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In a direct honest manner. These questions can help develop a therapeutic relationship, and may indicate hidden meaning (interviewee wondering about personal concern). However, you should immediately re-direct interviewee to purpose of interview following your answer.
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Types of Intervention:
What is primary prevention? |
The reduction of the incidence or occurrence of disease or disorder within a population that is currently well or considered to be potentially at risk.
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Types of Intervention:
What is Secondary prevention? |
The early detection of problems in a population at risk to reduce the duration of a disorder/disease and/or minimize its effects through early detection/diagnosis, early appropriate referral and early/effective intervention.
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Types of Intervention;:
What is tertiary prevention? |
The elimination or reduction of the impact of dysfunction on an individual.
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Types of Intervention:
What interventions are designed to satisfy inherent, universal human needs? Easily described as "meeting health needs". |
Psychophysical
Temporal balance/regularity Safety Love and acceptance Group association Mastery Esteem Sexual Pleasure Self actualization see pg. 8 for more details |
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Types of Intervention:
What is the most commonly used intervention in OT practice? |
The change process: interventions designed to achieve behavioral changes and functional outcomes.
see pg. 8 for more details |
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Types of Intervention:
Describe an intervention of focused on management. |
Designed to reduce or minimize disruptive or undesirable behavior the intere with therapeutic activities or procedures needed to change areas of dys
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Types of Intervention:
What do you call an intervention designed to suppor tand preserve the indevidual's current functional level? |
Maintenance program
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What criteria are necessary for a maintenance program?
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1. No improvement in functin is planned to due progression of the disorder
2. Decline in function is prevented as long as possible 3. Must include familial, environmental, and social supports along with regular follow ups *Good to know these programs are not reimbursed by 3rd party payers. |
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Standard Precations:
What are standard precautions for handwashing? |
Wash hands...
- After touching any bodily fluids/secretions/contaminated items with without gloves. - After removing gloves, between pt contact, and when otherwise indicated to reduce any potential transmissions - Between tasks and procedures on the same patient to prevent cross contamination of different body sites - Use plain (nonantimirobial) soap for routine handwashing - Use antimicrobial agent or waterless antiseptic for specific circumstances as defined by Infection Control |
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State Standard Precautions for wearing gloves
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Wear gloves when touching bodily fluids/secretions/contaminated items. Don clean gloves prior to touching mucous membrances and nonintact skin
-Change gloves between tasks and procedures on same patient after content with materials that may contain high concentration of microorganisms. - Remove glove promptly after use, before touching anything. Wash hands immediately following removal. |
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Standard Precautions:
for Mask/Eye protection and Faceshield |
Wear a mask/eye protection or face sheild to protect mucous membrane of the face in situations that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of bodily fluids/secretions.
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