Ch 1 Medical Terminology

Front 1

toxicosis

Back 1

A disease due to poisoning.

Front 2

abiosis

Back 2

Absence of life.

Front 3

epicardium

Back 3

The serous membrane on the surface of the myocardium; the visceral layer of the pair of serous pericardial membranes.

Front 4

lithiasis

Back 4

Stone formation.

Front 5

bradycardia

Back 5

A slow heartbeat marked by a pulse rate below 60 beats per minute in an adult.

Front 6

epicranium

Back 6

The soft tissue covering the cranium.

Front 7

stenosis

Back 7

The constriction or narrowing of a passage or orifice.

Front 8

encephalalgia

Back 8

Deep-seated head pain.

Front 9

hypalgesia

Back 9

A lessened sensitivity to pain; the opposite of hyperalgesia.

Front 10

antitoxin

Back 10

An antibody that is produced in response to a specific biologic toxin.

Front 11

arthritis

Back 11

Joint inflammation, often accompanied by pain, swelling, stiffness, and deformity.

Front 12

stenocephaly

Back 12

Narrowness of the cranium in one or more diameters.

Front 13

neuritis

Back 13

Inflammation of a nerve, usually associated with a degenerative process. (General term without respect to a particular location).

Front 14

arthrosclerosis

Back 14

Stiffening or hardening of the joints, esp. in the aged.

Front 15

hyperalgesia

Back 15

An excessive sensitivity to pain; the opposite of hypalgesia.

Front 16

biotoxin

Back 16

A toxin produced by or found in a living organism.

Front 17

arteriostosis

Back 17

Calcification of an artery.

Front 18

protobiology

Back 18

The study of microorganisms smaller than bacteria, i.e., the viruses.

Front 19

endosteum

Back 19

The membrane lining the marrow cavity of a bone.

Front 20

nephrolithiasis

Back 20

The presence of calculi (stones) in the kidney

Front 21

endoneurium

Back 21

A delicate connective tissue sheath that surrounds nerve fibers within a fasciculus.

Front 22

scleriasis

Back 22

1. Progressive hardening of the skin.

2. Hardening of the eyelid

Front 23

arthrosteitis

Back 23

Inflammation of the bony structures of a joint.

Front 24

analgesic

Back 24

1. Relieving pain.

2. A drug that relieves pain.

Front 25

angiostenosis

Back 25

Narrowing of a vessel, especially a blood vessel.

Front 26

acanthocyte

Back 26

An abnormal red blood cell with spines or thorns sticking out from its cell membrane.

Front 27

leukocyte

Back 27

Any one of several kinds of colorless or nearly colorless cells of the immune system that circulate in the blood and lymph

Front 28

angiostenosis

Back 28

Narrowing of a blood vessel.

Front 29

antibiotic

Back 29

1. Destructive to life.

2. Pertaining to antibiosis.

3. A natural or synthetic substance that destroys microorganisms or inhibits their growth.

Front 30

erythroprosopalgia

Back 30

Neuropathy marked by redness and pain in the face.

Front 31

osteomalacia

Back 31

An abnormality of new bone formation (osteoid) causing bones to become increasingly soft, flexible, brittle, and deformed.

Front 32

pericarditis

Back 32

Inflammation of the pericardium, marked by chest pain, fever, and an audible friction rub.

Front 33

pericardium

Back 33

Membrane around the heart

Front 34

nephrosclerosis

Back 34

Hardening of the connective tissues of the kidneys

Front 35

erythrocytosis

Back 35

An abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in circulation

Front 36

diencephalon

Back 36

The second portion of the brain, lying between the telencephalon and mesencephalon. It includes the epithalamus, thalamus, metathalamus, and hypothalamus.

Front 37

mesocardia

Back 37

Location of the heart in the midline of the thorax. This position is normal in the fetal stage, but a malposition after birth.

Front 38

cytobiology

Back 38

Biology of cells.

Front 39

periosteum

Back 39

The fibrous membrane that forms the covering of bones except at their articular surfaces; consists of a dense external layer containing numerous blood vessels and an inner layer of connective tissue cells that function as osteoblasts when the bone is injured and then participate in new bone formation.

Front 40

endangium

Back 40

The innermost layer, or intima, of a blood vessel.

Front 41

ostalgia

Back 41

Pain in a bone

Front 42

hemialgia

Back 42

Pain in half of the body.

Front 43

dysarthrosis

Back 43

Joint malformation or deformity.

Front 44

trigeminal neuralgia

Back 44

A painful disease of the trigeminal (fifth cranial) nerve marked by brief attacks of lightning-like stabs along the distribution of one or more of its branches, but usually along the maxillary nerve.

Front 45

exocardia

Back 45

A congenitally abnormal position of the heart.

Front 46

exotoxin

Back 46

A poisonous substance produced by bacteria, including staphylococci, streptococci, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas species, and Escherichia coli.

Inactivated exotoxins are used as the basis for diphtheria and tetanus vaccines.

Front 47

allostery

Back 47

1. In bacteria, alteration of a regulatory site on a protein that changes its shape and activity.

2. In enzymology, the ability of a factor to bind to a site on an enzyme other than its substrate-binding site and cause a change in the conformation of the enzyme and its ability to catalyze a chemical reaction.

Front 48

osteometry

Back 48

Measurement of bones and their relationships within the skeleton

Front 49

lithiasis

Back 49

Stone formation (without respect to a particular location).

Front 50

encephalomalacia

Back 50

Paresis with progressive dementia.

Front 51

hemianalgesia

Back 51

analgesia on one side of the body

Front 52

hyperalgia

Back 52

extreme sensitivity to pain

Front 53

cytobiology

Back 53

t

he medical and scientific study of cells

Front 54

The definition and prefix of epicranium tells us that these structures are where?

Back 54

covering the cranium

Front 55

sclerencephalia.

Back 55

hardening of the brain

Front 56

toxicology.

Back 56

division of medical and biological science concerned with toxic substances

Front 57

ectocardia.

Back 57

displacement of the heart

Front 58

stenocephaly

Back 58

unusual narrowness of the head

Front 59

Chose the combining form(s) and its meaning in acanthosis.

Back 59

ACANTH-, thorn

Front 60

Hemialgia

Back 60

in half of the body

Front 61

'abnormal rapidity of the heart

Back 61

tachycardia

Front 62

Protobiology

Back 62

the study of microorganisms smaller than bacteria, i.e., the viruses

Front 63

measurement of a solid body

Back 63

stereometry

Front 64

The prefix in pericarditis indicates swelling where?

Back 64

around the heart

Front 65

angiosclerosis.

Back 65

hardening of the walls of blood vessels

Front 66

Choose the combining form(s) in erythrocytosis.

Back 66

ERYTHR-, CYT-

Front 67

biotoxin

Back 67

poison produced by and derived from a living organism

Front 68

Choose the correct term for 'pain along the course of a nerve.

Back 68

neuralgia

Front 69

perinephrium

Back 69

connective and fatty tissue surrounding a kidney

Front 70

hyperalgia prefix

Back 70

beyond normal

Front 71

angiostenosis

Back 71

A

NGI-, STEN-

Front 72

If you suffer from bradycardia, what do you have?

Back 72

slow heartbeat

Front 73

encephalolith

Back 73

a calculus in the brain

Front 74

lithonephritis.

Back 74

inflammation of the kidney due to calculi

Front 75

acardia

Back 75

congenital absence of the heart

Front 76

cardioangiology.

Back 76

medical specialty dealing with the heart and blood vessel

Front 77

periosteitis

Back 77

inflammation of the periosteum, the membrane covering a bone

Front 78

What does the prefix of exotoxin tell us about movement?

Back 78

movement outside (from)

Front 79

Choose the correct definition of atoxic.

Back 79

nonpoisonous

Front 80

Arthritis: inflammation of what?

Back 80

a joint

Front 81

Choose the correct definition of nephralgia.

Back 81

pain in the kidney

Front 82

Choose the correct term for ' membrane around the heart.'

Back 82

pericardium

Front 83

Choose the meaning of the prefix in synalgic.

Back 83

together

Front 84

What does an analgesic do?

Back 84

relieve pain

Front 85

Choose the correct term for ' instrument for counting and measuring cells.'

Back 85

cytometer

Front 86

Arteriostosis: calcification of what?

Back 86

an artery

Front 87

Choose the correct term for 'living together of two organisms.'

Back 87

symbiosis

Front 88

If you suffer from toxicosis, what has happened?

Back 88

you have been poisoned

Front 89

Exocardia indicates placement of the heart that is what?

Back 89

atypical: congenitally abnormal

Front 90

Choose the correct term for 'constriction or narrowing of a passage or orifice.'

Back 90

stenosis

Front 91

Choose the suffiix in erythroprosopalgia and its meaning.

Back 91

-ia, a state or condition

Front 92

Choose the correct definition of angiitis.

Back 92

inflammation of a blood vessel

Front 93

Leukotoxins are destructive to what?

Back 93

white blood cells

Front 94

Choose the correct term for 'hardening of the arteries.'

Back 94

arteriosclerosis

Front 95

What is the plural form of arthritis?

Back 95

arthritides

Front 96

The prefix of endotoxin indicates a toxin that is what?

Back 96

within (part of) a bacterial cell

Front 97

Choose the correct definition of exencephalia.

Back 97

congenital anomaly: brain outside the skull

Front 98

Choose the correct term for ' white blood cell.'

Back 98

leukocyte

Front 99

Choose the correct term for 'specialist in the study of bones.'

Back 99

osteologist

Front 100

Choose the correct definition of neurosclerosis.

Back 100

hardening of nerves

Front 101

Choose the correct meaning of leptocephalia (leptocephaly).

Back 101

abnormal vertically elongated, narrow skull

Front 102

Choose the correct definition of angiocarditis.

Back 102

inflammation of the heart and large blood vessels.

Front 103

Choose the correct definition of anticytotoxin.

Back 103

something that inhibits or halts the activity of a cytotoxin

Front 104

Choose the correct definition of periarteritis.

Back 104

inflammation of the outer coat of an artery

Front 105

Choose the correct definition of endangium.

Back 105

tunica intima (inner layer) of a blood vessel

Front 106

Choose the correct definition of angiosis.

Back 106

any disease of blood vessels or lymph vessels

Front 107

Choose the correct definition of arteritis.

Back 107

inflammation of an artery

Front 108

Choose the correct definition of arteriolith.

Back 108

arterial calculus

Front 109

Choose the correct definition of angiolith.

Back 109

calcareous deposit in the wall of a blood vessel

Front 110

Choose the meaning of the combining form(s) in stereology.

Back 110

three dimensional

Front 111

Analgia: a state of what condition?

Back 111

without pain

Front 112

Choose the correct term for 'study of the skull.'

Back 112

craniology

Front 113

Choose the correct definition of craniomalacia.

Back 113

softening of the bones of the skull

Front 114

Choose the correct term for antiarthritic.

Back 114

effective [agent] in treatment of joint inflammation

Front 115

Choose the correct meaning of OST- in ostalgia.

Back 115

bone

Front 116

Choose the correct definition of encephalic.

Back 116

pertaining to the brain or its cavity

Front 117

Choose the prefix of abiosis and its meaning.

Back 117

a-, without

Front 118

Choose the meaning of combining form(s) in arthrosclerosis.

Back 118

joint, hard

Front 119

Choose the correct definition of endocranium.

Back 119

dura mater of the brain which forms the lining membrane of the cranium

Front 120

Choose the correct term for 'substance poisonous to kidney (tissue).'

Back 120

nephrotoxin

Front 121

Choose the correct definition of erythrotoxin.

Back 121

exotoxin that lyses red blood cells

Front 122

Choose the correct definition of neurotoxin.

Back 122

substance causing damage to nerve cells

Front 123

Choose the correct definition of antilithic.

Back 123

preventing the formation of calculi, or an agent that does so

Front 124

Choose the meaning of endosteum.

Back 124

thin layer of cells lining the marrow cavity of a bone

Front 125

What is formed in nephrolithiasis?

Back 125

kidney stones

Front 126

Choose the correct definition of arthroneuralgia.

Back 126

pain in or around a joint

Front 127

Choose the correct definition of periarthritis.

Back 127

inflammation around a joint

Front 128

Choose the correct definition of synarthrosis.

Back 128

a type of joint that is fixed or rigid

Front 129

a type of joint that is fixed or rigid

Back 129

angiocarditis

Front 130

Choose the correct definition of mesocephalic.

Back 130

medium cranial capacity

Front 131

What part of the body involves prosoponeuraglia?

Back 131

the face

Front 132

Choose the meaning of the prefix in hypalgia.

Back 132

below normal

Front 133

Choose the correct definition of periosteum.

Back 133

a fibrous membrane that covers the bones

Front 134

Choose the correct definition of malacosteon.

Back 134

softening of the bones

Front 135

Choose the correct definition of dysostosis.

Back 135

defective formation of bones

Front 136

Arthrosteitis: the inflammation of the osseous structure of what?

Back 136

a joint

Front 137

Encephalomalacia: what happens to the cerebellum?

Back 137

it becomes soft

Front 138

Choose the correct term for 'softening of the heart (muscle).'

Back 138

cardiomalacia

Front 139

Choose the meaning of the prefix in dysarthrosis.

Back 139

defective

Front 140

Choose the correct definition of osteosclerosis.

Back 140

abnormal increase in thickening and density of bone

Front 141

Choose the correct definition of acanthocytosis.

Back 141

acanthocytes in the blood

Front 142

What is an antitoxin capable of?

Back 142

neutralizing a specific biologic toxin

Front 143

Mesocardia indicates placement of the heart that is what?

Back 143

in the mid-line of the thorax

Front 144

Choose the correct term for 'congenital absence of one-half of the brain.'

Back 144

hemianencephaly

Front 145

Choose the correct term for 'pertaining to the heart.'

Back 145

cardiac