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131 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does competency mean?
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the skills, understanding, and professional values of an individual ready for beginning dental hygiene practice.
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Continueing Ed?
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postlicensure short-term educational experiences for refresher, updating, and renewal.
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what is a cotherapist?
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term used to describe the relationship bettween patient, dentist, and dental hygienest when coordinating the efforts to attain and maintain the oral health of the patient.
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what is dental hygiene care?
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the science and practice of the prevention of oral diseases.
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what is dental hygiene diagnosis?
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identification of an existing or potential oral health problem that a dental hygienist is licensed to treat.
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What is the Dental hygiene process of care?
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an organized systematic group of activities that provides the framework for delivering quality dental hygiene care.
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What is a dental hygienist?
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dental health specialist whose primary concern is the maintance of oral health and the prevention of oral disease.
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what is dentistry?
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the ecaliation, diagnosis, prevention, and or treatment of diseases, disorders, na dor conditions of the oral cavity, maxiofacial area..
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what is health?
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state of physical, mental and social well being, not only the absence of disease.
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what is health promotion?
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the process of enabling people to increase control and improve their health through self care, mutual aid, and the creation of healthy enviornments.
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what is primary health care?
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employs the techniques and afents to abort the onset of diease, to reverse the profress of the intital stages of disease, or to arrest the diesase process before treatment becomes nec.
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What is Profession?
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occupation or calling that requires specialezed knowledge, methods, and skills as well as prepareation, from and instiution of higher learning. comited to cont, study, place serice above personal gain, and are comitted to providing practial services cital to human social welfare.
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What is prognosis?
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a forecast of the porbable course and outcome of the reatment of a condition or a disease.
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What is supervision?
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term applies to a legal realtionship between dentist and dental team members practice.
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what is collaborative practice of DH?
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the science of the prevention and treatment of oral disease throught the provision of educational, assessment, preventive, clinical, and other therapeutic servies in a collaborative working relationship with a consulting dentist, but without general supervison.
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What is direct supervision?
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the dentist had diagnosed and authorized the condition to be treated, remains, on the premises while the procedure is performed, and approves the work perfomed before dismissal of the patient.
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What is general supervision?
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the dentist has authorized the procedure for a patient of record but need not be present when the authorized procedure is carried out by a licensed dental hygienist. its carried out in accordance with edentist diagnosis and treatment plan.
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what is personal supervision?
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while the dentist is personally treating a patient, the DH is authoried to aid in the treament by concurrently performing a supportive procedure.
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what is culture?
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refers to a learned set of belief values, attitudes, convictions, and behaviors that are common to a group, especially an ethnic group, of people and usually passed down from generation to generation.
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what is cultural competence?
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a set of congruent attitudes, skills, behaviors, and policies that enable effective cross-cultural comm. for delivery of oral healthe services.
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What is Culturally effective oral health care?
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refers to a dynamic relationship between provider and patient that results in culturally relevant and culturally specific oral healthcare recommendations
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what is cultural sensitivity?
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refers to making an effort to inderstand the language, culture, and behaviors of diverse individuals and groups.
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What is linguistic competence?
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refers to providing culturally appropriate oral and written health info for person with limited profiencey in English.
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What is oral health disparities?
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significant differences in oral health status and or access to oral health sercies between one population and another. races and elderly
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What is plain language publication?
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written health infor that used simplified terminology, pictures or any other method that can enhance understanding for patients with limited language proficiency.
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What is a stereotype?
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refers to seeing individuals from a population group as having no individuality, as though all have the same characterisitics.
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what is autonomy?
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the act of self-determination by persons with the ability to make a choice or decision.
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what is beneficence?
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doing good for a benifit or anhanced welfare.
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What are core values?
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basic values of a profession; guide to choices or actions by implying a preference for what is deemed to be acceptable in the profession.
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What is an ethical dilemma?
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a probken that involves two morally correct choices or courses of action. There may not be a single answer and depending on the choice the outcomes can differ.
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what is ethics?
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a sense of moral obligation; system of moral principles.
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What is an ethical issue?
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a common problem wherein a solition is readily grounded in the governing practice act, recognized laws, or acceptable standards of care. more clearly defined than dilemmas
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What is justice/fairness?
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a fair treatment according to an equitable distribution of benefits and burdens;impartiality; a core value
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What are morals?
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a principles or habit with respect to right or wrong behavior
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what is nonmalefience?
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avoidance of harm to others; a core value.
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what are rights?
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expecations by the patient that correlate with the duties of a professional person when providing care.
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what is social trust?
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maintaining a bond of trust in the realtionships between the DH and patients, other professionals and the public.
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what is veracity?
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a duty to tell the truth when info is discoled to patients about treatments.
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what is virtue?
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character trait; one must intend to acti virtuously as a professional. honest, compassion, care and wisdom.
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what is aerosol?
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an artificiallly geberated collection of particles suspended in the air.
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What is Culturally effective oral health care?
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refers to a dynamic relationship between provider and patient that results in culturally relevant and culturally specific oral healthcare recommendations
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what is cultural sensitivity?
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refers to making an effort to inderstand the language, culture, and behaviors of diverse individuals and groups.
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What is linguistic competence?
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refers to providing culturally appropriate oral and written health info for person with limited profiencey in English.
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What is oral health disparities?
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significant differences in oral health status and or access to oral health sercies between one population and another. races and elderly
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What is plain language publication?
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written health infor that used simplified terminology, pictures or any other method that can enhance understanding for patients with limited language proficiency.
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What is a stereotype?
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refers to seeing individuals from a population group as having no individuality, as though all have the same characterisitics.
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what is autonomy?
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the act of self-determination by persons with the ability to make a choice or decision.
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what is beneficence?
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doing good for a benifit or anhanced welfare.
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What are core values?
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basic values of a profession; guide to choices or actions by implying a preference for what is deemed to be acceptable in the profession.
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What is an ethical dilemma?
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a probken that involves two morally correct choices or courses of action. There may not be a single answer and depending on the choice the outcomes can differ.
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What is and endemic?
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widespread occurence of cases of an illness in a community or region
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Fomite or fomes?
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an inanimate object or material on which diease-producing agents (microorganisms) may be conveyed.
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HCP?
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health care personel; DHCP: dental healthcare personnel.
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healthcare-associated infection?
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an infection associated with or acquired during a medical or surgical intervention
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what is nosocomial?
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and adverse affectious outcome occuring in a hospital
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what is immunity?
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the resistance that a person has against diease, it may be natural or aquired.
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what is passive immunity?
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short-duration immunity either naturally attained by transplacental transfer from the mother or artificially acquired by inoculation of specific protective antibodies.
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what is active immunity?
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immunity either naturally attained by infection, with or without clinical manifestations or artificialy acquired by inoculations of the agent in a killed, modified, or varient form. in response the body produces its own antibodies which last for years.
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What is the incubation period?
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the time intervale between the intital contact with an infectious agent and the appearence of the first clinical sign or symptom of the disease.
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what is infection?
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a state caused by the invasion, development, or multiplication of an infectious agent in the body.
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what is primary infection?
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first time, no preexisting antibodies
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what is latent infection?
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persistent infection following a primary infection in which the causative agent remains incactive within certain cells.
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what is recurrent infection?
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symptomatic reactivation of a latent infection.
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What is an infectious agent?
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organism capable of producing and infection
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what is jaundice?
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yellowness of skin, sclerae, mucous membranes, and excretions dut to hyperbilribinrmia and deposition of bile pigments. also called icterus.
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what is microbiota?
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the microscopic organisms of a region
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what is a pandemic?
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widespread epidemic usually affecting the population of an extensive region, several countries.
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What is parenteral?
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injection by a route other than the alimentary tract, such asa subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous.
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What is Parotitis?
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inflammation of the parotid gland
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what is a pathogen?
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virus, microorganism or other substance that causes diseas.
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what is opportunistic pathogen?
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a capable of causing disease only when the hosts resistance is lowered.
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What is percutaneous?
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by way of, or through the skin
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what is perucosal?
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by the way of thru mucous membrane
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what is a prion?
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protein particle lacking nucleic acid that has been implicated as the cause of certain neruodgenerative diseases. Creutzfeldt-Jacob diesease.
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What is prodrome?
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early or premonitory symptom
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what is replication?
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process by which viruses reproduce and multiply
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what is retrovirus?
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virus with RNA as its genetic material.requires the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert its RNA to DNa
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what is a serologic diagnosis?
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the identification of a disease by serum markers of that specific condition.
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what is seroconversion?
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after exposure to the etiologic agent of a disease, the blood changes from negative to positive(seronegative and positive) for the serum marker for that diease; the time interval for conversion is specific for each disease
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what is a serum marker?
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a specific finding (such as an antibody or antigen) by laboratory blood analysis that identifies and existing diease state.
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what is shredding (virul)?
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presence of virus in body secretions, in exrections, or in body surface lesions with potential for transmission.
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what are standard precautions?
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protection from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other bodily fluid regardless if it contains blood or not.
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STD?
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sexually transmitted disease
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what is survellance of a disease?
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continuing scrutiny of all aspects of occurence and spread of a disease that are pertinetn to effective control.
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what is a suseptible host?
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host not possessing resistance againsan infectious agent.
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what is a susceptible host?
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host not posessing resistance against an infectious agent.
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what is horozontial transmission?
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passage of infectious agent from one person to another
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what is vertical transmission?
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passage of an infectious agent from one generation to another by breast milk or across the placenta.
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universal precaustions?
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all human blood and some other fluids are treated as infectious
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what is a vector?
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a carrier that transfers an incectious microorganism from one host to another
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What is a bilogical vector?
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abd arthropid, inect or other living crrier in whose body the infecting organism multiplies becoming infective to the recipient
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what is a vehicle?
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a substance or object serves as an intermediate means by which an infectious agent is transported and introduced into a suceptible host through a suitable portal of entry
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what is a virion?
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complete virus particel made up of the nucleiod (the genetic material) and capsid ( the shell of protein that protects the nucleiod)
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what is virulence?
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the degree of pathogenicity or disease-evoking power of an infectious agent.
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What is a virus?
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a subcelluar genetic entity capable of gaining entrance into a limted range of living cells and capable of replicaiton only within such cells; either contains DNA or RNa but never both
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What is a window period?
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the time between exposure resulting in infection and the presence of dectable serum antibody; antibody test is neg but infectious agen is transmissible during the window period.
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AIDS?
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acquired imm. syndrome
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AZT (ZDV)?
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zidovudine, drug used for the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS; first antivirul drug approved by FDA
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CD4+
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T-helper lymphocyte acid; primary target fro HIV infection. CD4 count decreases with eseverity of HIV related illnesses
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DNA
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found in cell nucleus. carrier of gentic info
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HAART?
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highly active antiretroviral therapy conaining several antiretroviral medications. effective in treatment of HIV
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HIV?
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human imm. virus. causes AIDS
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HIV-1 antibody?
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antibody to himan imm. virus type1, antibody can be dtected in the blood 6 to 8 weeks after infection.
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HL?
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hairy leukoplakia
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IDU?
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injection-drug user
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KS?
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Kaposi's sarcoma; a malignant vascualr tumor. may occur in people with HIV
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LAV?
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Lymphadenopathy-associated virus; one of the former name for HIV
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MMWR?
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morbidity and mortality weekly report publication by CDCP
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PCP?
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pneumocystis pnuemonia. oppurtunistic infection that occurs in people wiht HIV infection
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PGL?
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persistant gernalized lymphadenopathy
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PWA?
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person with AIDS
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RNA?
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nucleaic acid found in cytoplasm and in the nuclei of certain cells. rna directs the synthesis of proteins and replaces DNA as a carrier of genetic codes in some viruses.
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what is an Allergen?
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substance, protien or nonprotein, capable of inducing allergy or specific hypersensitivity; can enter the body being inhaled, swallowed, toched or injected
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what is hypoallergenic?
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property of a substance that indicates it does not create a hypersensitive reaction. may apply to carious che;micals; not specified on manufactors labels
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what is antimocrobrial soap?
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contains active ingredient against skin microorganisms
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what is Atopy?
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clinical hypersensitivity state of allergy with a hereditary predisposition; hay fever and asthma
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What is a barrier protection?
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refers to placing a physical barrier betweent the patient's body fluids such as blood and salive and the healthcare personnel (HCP) to prevent disease transmission.
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What are barriers for HCP?
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includes gloves, mask, protective eyewear, and protective clothing gown.
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what are barriers for patient?
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include eyewear, head cover during sugeries and rubber dam during resorative and sealent procdures
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what is a booster dose?
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amount of immunogen, usually smaller than normal amount injected after primary injection to sustain th eimmune response to that immunogen.
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what is exposure incident?
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a specific eye, mouth, mucous membrane, nonintact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious material that results from the performance of one;s usual professional duties.
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what is immunization?
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the process of rendering a subject immune to a particular diease by stimulation with a specific antigen to promote anitbody formation in the body.
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what is inoculation?
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intro of antigenic material or vaccine
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what is latex allergy?
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a n acquired hypersensivity reaction to the protiens found in natural rubber latex
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What is occupational exposure?
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reasonably anticiapted skin, eye, mucous membrane or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials what may result form the performance of one's usual duties.
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What is PPD?
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purified protein derivative for tuberculin intracutaneous skin test for tuberculosis.
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what is rhinitis?
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inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose. may result in hay fever.
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What is a toxoid?
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toxin treated by hear or chemical agent to destroy its deleterious properties without destroying its ability to combine with, or stimulate the formation of, antitoxin. ex tetenus and diptheria
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what is a tuberculin test? (mantoux)
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a test for the presence of active or inactive tuberculosis; redness after 48 to 72 hrs
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what is a vacciantion?
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the process of introducing a vacine into the body to produe immunity to a specific disease.
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what is a vaccine?
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a suspension of attenuated or killed microorganisms administered for the prevention of treatment of an infectious disease
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